Succession Crisis Flashcards
What were Northumberlands general mistakes?
He failed to arrest Mary and keep her in custody.
He underestimated the amount of support for Mary in the country
What made Northumberlands attempts technically unjustified?
He defied Henry VIII’s Succession Act of 1534-6
What happened when Northumberland marched to Suffolk?
On 14th July, he marched to Suffolk with 2000 men who then deserted him.
Why was Northumberland so desperate?
He needed to stay in power and was aware that he would lose such power as a protestant under a Catholic reign.
Why was Mary so successful?
The majority supported the rule of law and rightful succession-
Acts of parliament didn’t diminish the line of descent
Why was Mary coming into power the better outcome for the country?
Avoiding a political crisis as people supported the rule and laws.
Dynastic weakness and minority rule ended before a civil war.
What did Mary do when she came into power to secure herself on the throne?
Two acts were passed in 1553 and 1554
Resolved constitutional position by having legislations that confirmed Mary Tudor’s legitimacy and established the right of female monarchs to rule England.
What was the chaos of 10th July
Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed as queen but Mary proclaimed herself as queen- sending letters to the Privy Council.
Privy Council denied her so Mary used God as her right the the throne (Divine Rights of King)- God makes kings, not parliament, Great Chain of Being. This was successful as the nobility wouldn’t question God’s power as it questioned their own powers- Mary gained support and maintained the status quo.
What did Mary do to those who denied her right as heir?
Paget became a member of privy council
Cramner asked for her forgiveness
William Cecil was imprisoned
Northumberland, Lady Jane Grey, Dudley were arrested and later executed
What did Mary do to Gardiner and Norfolk?
Released them from jail- providing some leniency.
What was the succession like upon Mary’s death (to be moved)
No attempt to alter succession by Mary
Did try to persuade Elizabeth to maintain the Catholic Faith
Upon her death, the crown was offered peacefully to Elizabeth- potentially due the legitimacy and succession as stated by Henry in the 3rd Succession Act as this was more important than religious beliefs
What was Edwards reign like in 1552?
Northumberland seemed firmly in control
Rapid swing towards Calvinism in the Church of England
Didn’t seem to be provoking any serious opposition
N’s power depended on the support of Edward
Towards the end of 1552, Edwards health deteriorated quickly
What were the fears about Marys succession towards Edwards death?
Mary was too succeed- her strong Catholic sympathies made her unpopular with the reform party and Edward.
There became a strong fear of Mary renouncing Royal Supremacy (making parliament irrelevant)
N wanted to prevent Catholicism and retain power
What went wrong in the plans to seize power?
Edwards death was before the plans to seize power were completed.
Formulated a Devise- LJG and Guilford Dudley to be married and succeed after finding no male heirs of Grey family.
Who was Lady Jane Grey?
Great Granddaughter of Henry VII (5th in line to the throne). Edwards choice as she was protestant and married to Northumberland’s son (showing N is ambitious).
