Substituted benzene rings

Question 1

does phenol react with sodium carbonate?

Answer 1

nope. It isn’t a strong enough base , so it can’t remove the H+ ion.

Question 2

equation for phenol and sodium hydroxide (acid + base)

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

-(in salycylic acid)
- lone pair of electrons on OH are partially delocalised into the ring
- electron density increases
- Br2(electrophile) is more polarised

Question 4

Answer 4

-in benzene, electrons in pi bond are delocalised
-in alkenes, electrons in pi bond are localised
-benzene has lower electron density
-benzene induces a weaker dipole

Question 5

Answer 5

-(in phenol)
-lone pair of electrons on O are partially delocalised into the ring
-so electron density increases
-Cl2/electrophile is more polarised

Question 6

properties of electron donating group?

Answer 6

Question 7

properties of electron withdrawing groups?

Answer 7

Question 8

name of reducing agent for aldehydes and ketones?

Answer 8

NaBH4

Question 9

general equation for reduction of an aldehyde

Answer 9

Question 10

agent used to reduce aldehyde

Answer 10

NaBH4

Question 11

General equation for reduction of ketone

Answer 11

Question 12

mechanism for reduction of aldehyde

Answer 12

Question 13

symbol for reducing agent?

Answer 13

[H]

Question 14

mechanism for reduction of Ketone

Answer 14

Question 15

mechanism for hydrogen cyanide and carbonyl group (aldehyde or Ketone)

Answer 15

Question 16

what type of reaction takes place between cyanide and carbonyl group?

Answer 16

nucleophilic addition

Question 17

what type of reaction takes place between cyanide and carbonyl group?

Answer 17

nucleophilic addition