Substance Use Disorders Flashcards
Polysubstance/drug abuse
misuse of more than one drug at a time
Psychoactive substances
drugs that alter behavior, mood
Use of a drug that is accompanied by a physiological dependence on it, made evident by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms
Addiction
Substance use
Intake of psychoactive substances in moderate amounts; doesn’t affect normal functioning
Substance intoxication
-impaired judgment, mood change, low motor ability
Substance abuse
disrupts normal functioning
Substance dependence (addiction)
tolerance and withdrawal
Also referred to as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
Secondhand smoke
The dried resin of the cannabis plant, stronger in its effects than the dried leaves and stems that constiture marijuana
Hashish
Depressants
- decrease CNS activity
- most likely to produce symptoms of physical dependence, tolerance and withdrawal
*ALCOHOL
-GABA system interaction
-block glutamate
-cravings c/o serotonin
-Withdrawal Delirium (delirium tremens)
frightening hallucinations and body tremors within 3 days
-Dementia
result of neurotoxicity or poisoning of the brain by excessive amounts of alcohol
-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
confusion, loss of muscle coordination, unintelligible speech, thiamine deficiency
-Fetal alcohol syndrome
drank while preggy; cause retardation, cognitive deficits, learning difficulty
Alcohol Dehydrogenese
- enzyme that metabolize alcohol
- lesser in women
Sedative, Hypnotic, Anxiolytic related disorders
- Sedative -calming
- Hypnotic -sleep inducing
- Anxiolytic -anxiety-reducing
- muscle relaxants, anticonvulsants
- affect GABA system
- Barbiturates
- sedative drug; help sleep
- Benzodiazepines
- reduce anxiety
- safer than barbiturates
- also called “ROOFIES”
Stimulants
- most commonly used
- Amphetamines
- induce feelings of elaton and reduce fatigue
- physical symptomes occur shortly after ingestion
- enhance activity of norepinephrine and dopamine
- Ecstasy (party drug)
- Methampethamine (ice)
- Cocaine
- increase alertness
- effects are short-lived
- withdrawal causes apathy and boredom
- Crashing: when cocaine subsides experience
- snorted
- free basing: vapor by heat, flame and inhaled through a pipe (crack)
- Nicotine
- Caffeine
- most common psychoactive drug
- gentle stimulant
- Caffeine use disorder
Opiods
Opiate
- natural chemicals in the opium poppy
- relieve pain and induce sleep
- analgesics
- Morphine -“soldier’s disease” or morphine dependence
- Heroin -wonderdrug, cough meds
- Narcotics
- natural and synthetic opiod drugs
- commonly injected
- Rush: experienced by users when opiod system is activated
- natural opiods: enkephalins and endorphins
- Oxycodone -combined with other drugs to produce prescription pain meds
Hallucinogens
- induce hallucinations ,delusions
- experience TRIPS (out of ordinary sensations)
- come from plants
- Cannabis sativa/Marijuana
- experience dreamlike-state
- synthetic: “k2 or spice”
- reverse tolerance
- produce mix of hallucinogenic, depressant, stimulant
- LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
- most common hallucinogenic drug
- produced synthetically
- no withdrawal symptoms reported
- PCP (phencyclidine)
- aka Angel dust, Peace pill, zombie drug
- very powerful and hazardous drug causes profound disorientation, agitated and violent behavior
