History

Question 1

The doctrine that an evil being or spirit can dwell within a person and control his or her mind and bodt thereby can be treated by exorcism, the ritualistic casting out of evil spirits

Answer 1

Demonology

Question 2

Cutting holes to the skull in the belief that evil spirits may come out

Answer 2

Trephination or trepanning

Question 3

Hippocrates

Answer 3

-Mental disturbances have natural causes
-4 humors:
blood (heart-sanguine)
Black bile (spleen-melancholic)
Yellow bile (liver-choleric)
Phlegm (brain-phlegmatic)

Question 4

Characterized by large-scale outbreaks of bizarre behavior

Answer 4

Mass Hysteria

Question 5

Whole groups of people were simultaneously compelled to run out in the streets, dance, shout and jump around in patterns as if they were at a particularly wild party late at night

Answer 5

Rave or Saint Vitus’ dance or tarantism

Question 6

One of the first mental institutions

Answer 6

Priory of St. Mary of Bethlehem (asylum)

Question 7

Pioneered humanitarian treatment at LaBicetre; begun to treat the patients as sick human beings rather than as beasts

Answer 7

Philippe Pinel

Question 8

Recommended drawing copious amounts of blood

Answer 8

Benjamin Rush

Question 9

Patients engage in purposeful, calming activities

Answer 9

Moral treatment

Question 10

Dorethea Dix

Answer 10

• crusaders for prisoners and mentally ill

- known as mental hygiene movement

Question 11

General paresis

Answer 11

Degenerative disorder with psychological symptoms

-caused by syphilis

Question 12

___ work lead to the notion that mental illness can be inherited

Answer 12

Galton

Question 13

Promotion of enforced sterilization to eliminate undesriable characteristics from the population; state laws required mentally ill to be sterilized

Answer 13

Eugenics

Question 14

Person who started Insulin-coma therapy

Answer 14

Manfred Sakel

Question 15

Person who started Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 15

Cerletti and Bini

Question 16

Prefrontal lobotomy

Answer 16

Egas Moniz

*often led to listlessness, apathy and lack of some cognitive abilities

Question 17

Pioneered classification of mental illness based on biological causes

Answer 17

Emil Kraepelin

• Syndrome-cluster of symptoms that co-occur
• Proposed 2 major syndromes
• Dementia praecox
• Manic depressive psychosis

Question 18

Treated patients with hysteria using animal magnetism (undetectable fluid found in all living organisms which could become blocked)

Answer 18

Mesmer

*early practitioner of hypnosis called “mesmerism”

Question 19

Used hypnosis to facilitate catharsis

Answer 19

Josef Breuer

Question 20

Rational Emotive therapy (Albert Ellis)

Answer 20

built on the idea that how we feel is largely influenced by how we think. As is implied by the name, this form of therapy encourages the development of rational thinking to facilitate healthy emotional expression and behavior.

Question 21

The genetic-environment paradigm

Answer 21

Shows how behavior, abnormal behavior and psychopathology are being influenced by the interaction of the genes and environment

Question 22

Proband

Answer 22

first affected by the disorder in the family

Question 23

Polygenic

Answer 23

Influenced by many genes

Question 24

Chain-like structures within a cell nucleus that contain the genes

Answer 24

Chromosomes

Question 25

Genotype

Answer 25

Set of genes responsible for a particular trait

Question 26

Phenotype

Answer 26

• observed structural and functional characteristics that result from an interaction of genotype and the environment
• physical expression, characteristics of that trait

Question 27

Gene-environment correlational model

Answer 27

genetically determined tendency na sila rapud ang maka contribute sa ilang vulnerability sa usa ka possible disorder

Question 28

Epigenetics

Answer 28

Immediate effects of the environment influence cells that turn certain genes on or off can be passed to different generations

Question 29

Gene-environment interaction

Answer 29

a given person’s sensitivity or reaction to an environmental event is influenced by genes