OC and Trauma disorders Flashcards
Obsessions
Intrusive, recurring thoughts, images or impulses that are persistent and uncontrollable
Compulsions
Repetitive, clearly excessive behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety
OCD
-as young as age 2
-more common in women
-chronic disorder
-comorbid with MD, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, hoarding
-types: symmetry, forbidden thoughts, cleaning, hoarding
*CAUSES
-Psychodynamic
isolation -disown unwanted thoughts
undoing -perform acts to cancel out undesirable impulses
reaction formation
-Biological
low serotonin
-Cognitive
deficit in YEDASENTIENCE (sense of “that is enough”)
thought suppression
-Behavioral
Operant conditioning
Therapy for OCD
- CBT: exposure and ritual prevention (resist performing compulsions upon exposure of obsessive objects)
- Though-action fusion (equate thoughts with specific actions)
- anti-depressant
BDD
- preoccupied with an imagined or exaggerated defect in their appearance
- think about their appearance 3-8 hrs a day
- comorbid with MDD, Social anxiety, OCD, Substance abuse, PD
- BDD by proxy (preoccupied with defects they perceive in another person’s appearance)
- Shubo-kyufo (phobia of deformed body)
Therapy for BDD
- drugs that block reuptake serotonin
- CBT: exposure and ritual prevention (ERP)
PTSD
- reexperience traumatic event
- avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
- increased arousal and guilt
- mood and cognitive change after trauma
- symptoms present for more than 1 month
- Flashbacks
- amnesia is typically due to dissociative amnesia
- delayed expression: delay of months/yrs before criteria met
- CAUSES
- abnormal activity of cortisol and norepinephrine
- personality attitudes and coping styles
- childhood experiences
- weak social support
- severity of trauma
Therapy for PTSD
- catharsis
- Imaginal exposure: content of trauma and emotions associated are worked thru systematically
- eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Acute Stress Disorder
- same symptoms with PTSD but differ only on duration which is 3 days to 1 month after a trauma
- THERAPY
- exposure (in vivo or imaginal)
- cognitive therapy (beliefs about coping abilities)
Adjustment Disorder
- development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor within 3 months of the onset of stress
- no longer than 6 months
- marked distress out of proportion
- significant impairment in important areas of functioning
Reactive Attachment Disorder
- consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally WITHDRAWN behavior toward adult caregivers
- rarely seeks and responds comfort
- disturbance is evident before age 5 at least 9 months
- CAUSES
- patterns of insufficient care
- social neglect
- repeated changes of primary caregivers
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
- pattern of behavior which a child actively approaches and interacts with unfamilar adults
- overly familar or verbal, physical behavior which violates social boundaries of culture
- at least 9 months old
- CAUSED by patterns of insufficient care
