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SOC 224 > Substance Use disorder > Flashcards

Substance Use disorder Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main reason for the decreasing drug use in youth

A

better education -> honest and anti drug educational campaigns

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2
Q

what is one of the anti drug educational campaigns we were shown (provide social typing)

A

description -> stoner sloth
evaluation -> slow incompetent, dumb, nonsensical, confused
prescription -> non contributing member of society, make fun of them

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3
Q

what were the results of experimentation on decreasing drug use

A

our brains are not fully developed until the age of 25

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4
Q

list the 4 areas of concern of drug use

A

e cigarettes, illicit opiod use, over the counter cough and cold meds and ADHD drugs

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5
Q

in grade 7-12, what is the most heavily used psycho active drug

A

alcohol, cannabis and caffeine

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6
Q

which two countries are most known for high consumer of marijuana

A

canada and USA

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7
Q

which age range has a much higher range of having tried cannabis

A

ages 20-24

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8
Q

how does canada promote drug use in youth? provide example

A

canadian snowboarder in olympics -> won gold but japanese authorities took it away when THC was found in his drug test

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9
Q

how do people find load per capita

A

they look at waste water metabolites

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10
Q

which cities are found to be the cities with the most THC and cocaine use

A

halifax and montreal

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11
Q

what category of drug is the most used in canada

A

hallucinogens -> shrooms

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12
Q

______ is most likely to be used in prince albert in 2022 and 2023

A

methamphetamine

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13
Q

___ in 10 canadians above the age of 18 reported the use of what types of opiods in the last 5 years

A

3 ; morphine and codeine

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14
Q

which cities have be found to use the most morphine

A

vancouver and edmonton

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15
Q

what happened during covid lockdown in regards to drug use

A

opiod related deaths increased -> fentanyl

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16
Q

list the 4 causes of drug use

A

individual factors
family factors
school factors
community factors

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17
Q

true or false - more males than females have substance use disorder

A

true

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18
Q

what are the 4 categories of symptoms for substance use disorder

A
  1. impaired control
  2. social problems -> not showing up to work
  3. risky use -> drinking and driving
  4. physical dependence -> tolerance
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19
Q

1 in every __ people are treated with substance use disorder

A

206

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20
Q

what happened during 1986 in regards to drug policies

A

drug problem had reached to an epidemic level
-> brian mulroney was under pressure to align policies with USA -> refused to do this but then ended up doing it

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21
Q

what was the goal for the first federal policy on drug strategy , what year was this

A

1987 -> goal of reducing supply and demand

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22
Q

why did the war on drugs policy become a failure

A
  1. cannabis and cocaine use had doubled
  2. ontario student’s drug use doubled
  3. canada had 4th highest use of narcotics
  4. overall made things worse
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23
Q

what is the 2nd highest used sedative hypnotic in the 2000s

A

barbituates and benzodiazepines

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24
Q

what was the anti drug strategy in 2007

A

mandatory minimums -> if you were caught with a certain amount of cannabis or other drug, the judges were forced to give a prison sentence

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25
Q

how does making drugs illegal actually profit certain people

A

for example -> opiods are made from opium poppy in afghanistan so they leave there, travel through bosnia, russia and from there they come in -> money is involved in every path of this chain

26
Q

true or false - the conviction of a dealer does not cost much money

A

false - it costs alot to arrest them

27
Q

who are the people who are benefitting from the drug cartel

A

police, drug programs, media

28
Q

explain the health approach of drug policies

A

harm reduction approach -> programs that aim to reduce risks and harms associated with the use of psychoactive substances -> abstinence is not the realistic goal

29
Q

explain the study of terrance parker

A

he suffered from seizures had had two surgeries to stop them -> this did not work
smoking cannabis reduced the number and intensity of his epilepsy -> started to grow his own weed but got charged -> went to court and won using the charter of rights and freedoms

30
Q

what did INSITE do to establish the health approach to drugs

A

opened legal supervised injection sites -> go into facility, bring heroin and they will the tray that has been sterilized including needles -> sit in cubicle and inject yourself
do not stop taking the drug but promote safe way to do them

31
Q

how did NAOMI provide a good example of harm reduction

A

prescription heroin program

32
Q

what did Portugal do about the criminalized approach to street level drugs

A

withdrew from the UN treaty about the illicit drug trade -> decriminalized cannabis but did not legalize cannabis -> if they found the drug on you, they would fine you but no criminal record

33
Q

by 1936, how many convictions of cannabis had been made?

A

1

34
Q

by 1970s, cannabis accounted for how much of drug convictions

A

90%

35
Q

when did canada introduce cannabis for medicinal uses

A

2001

36
Q

true or false - bill for decriminalization of cannabis in canada went through in 2003

A

false - it failed

37
Q

when was cannabis legalized in canada

A

2018

38
Q

who is Terrance Parker?

A
  • he had epilepsy and underwent 2 surgeries and many drug trials which all failed to control his seizures
  • weed reduced the number and intensity of seizures
39
Q

how was Parker in trouble with the law?

A
  • charged with possession and cultivation of marijuana plants
40
Q

what did Parker’s lawyers challenge his conviction under?

A

Section 7 of the Charter

41
Q

what did Craig Reinarman talk about?

A

drug scares as moral panic

42
Q

what are the 7 social construction of drug scares?

A
  1. kernel of truth
  2. media magnification
  3. politco-moral entrepreneurs
  4. professional interest groups
  5. historical context of conflict
  6. form of drug use linked to dangerous class
  7. scapegoating a drug for public problems
43
Q

what is the kernel of truth?

A

cannabis is a serious drug and psychotic episodes can be triggered by weed
- unsure the effects of weed

44
Q

who was a claims-maker and what was stated about marijuana users?

A
  • Emily Murphy
  • wrote Black Candle
  • wrote that addicts are immune to pain, become maniacs, liable to kill or indulge in any violence, idiots and addicts will die
45
Q

what was the professional interest group associated with Ledain commission?

A

RCMP
- failed bc it was known that weed was going to be decriminalized and so they sent officers to make presentations to the commission and specifically talked about hippies

46
Q

what are some professional interest groups?

A

police
pharmaceutical companies- did not want to legalize as they had painkillers so it was a profit loss
companies concerned for works
politicians who viewed hippies as political threat

47
Q

what is the historical context of conflict?

A
  • urbanization -> chinese railway workers stayed after railroads finished, western workers were losing jobs to chinese workers bc they wanted less money
  • immigration -> 1914, Canada had most immigrants coming from all over the world
  • industrialization -> took a lot people from rural areas into the cities
  • secularization -> increasing canadian were moving away from religious institutions, laws were not driving the rules and regulations
48
Q

what was the drug of choice in during the early days?

A

opium

49
Q

what were the forms of opium and what was the problem with it?

A
  • morphine, heroin, medicinal opioids
  • highly addictive
50
Q

what is the opium act?

A
  • prohibited opium for smoking which targeted the Chinese and wanted to control them
  • patent drug industry vs street sales
51
Q

Mrs. Winslow’s soothing syrup

A

medicine for teething children with morphine in it

52
Q

one night cough syrup

A

contained alcohol, cannabis, chloroform and morphine
- depressants for relaxing muscles and more sleep

53
Q

Mother Risk

A

mothers with children on welfare
hair sample would find drugs/alcohol in hair
- one was using hairspray and was falsely accused of drinking but it was the alcohol content in the hairspray that was giving false positives

54
Q

Bayer

A

all drugs possible in one product
- aspirin
- heroin

55
Q

what are the drug linked to dangerous classes

A
  • chinese and opium smoking
  • single mothers and alcoholic husband/father
  • hippies and weed
  • welfare mom and drug use
  • inner city poor and crack
56
Q

who was Bill Blair and his role in racialized men being disproportionally targeted?

A
  • he was chief of police in toronto before politics
  • claiming he did not know that black men was being disproportionately criminalized for drugs even though he was part of the police force
57
Q

how to scapegoat drugs for public problems?

A
  • provide vocab of attribution (youth unemployment - lack of jobs vs drug use)
  • advanced liberal democracies require that citizens exercise self-control (drug use as loss of control- where there is power, there is resistance)
  • promotion of mass consumption in capitalist societies (channeling desires/indulgence- spend money on prescriptions drugs from companies)
58
Q

who was Bruce Alexander and what did he study?

A
  • wanted to understand drug use from a soc pov
  • did the rat park studies -> built 2 cages the exact same, one was a group of rats while the other was a single rat, rats are social human beings ->one bottle had heroin and the other had water -> all tried heroin but the ones in a group did not go back to heroin while the one that was also took a lot of heroin and died
  • addiction comes from not the lack of willpower but from anything (biological, vulneralbility, marginalization, isolation, stress)
59
Q

what is social governance dependent upon?

A

social integration
- non-integrated individuals were perceived as threats
- threat is heightened by connection to crime and contagion potential

60
Q

what does imprisonment for drugs based on?

A

motive to remove them/threat from society

61
Q

what helped reintegrate individuals?

A

medicalization technique
- locate the cause of addiction which helps governing bodies from having to address other problems
- individualizes the problem

62
Q

describe illicit drug trade

A
  • global problem
  • governments have to work together but some may not be willing to
  • based on the type of problme, decriminalizing and medicalizing it moves the issue from the federal to provincial control

SOC 224 (14 decks)

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