Substance Use Flashcards
A problematic pattern of using alcohol or another substance that result in impairment in daily life or noticeable distress
Substance Use Disorder
Development of a reversible, substance-specific syndrome as a result of the recent ingestion of a substance, must include maladaptive behavior or psychological changes and effects on the nervous system
Substance Intoxication
A substance-specific maladaptive behavioral change with physiological and cognitive correlates, due to cessation or reduction of heavy or prolonged substance use
Substance Withdrawal
Signs of Intoxication: Impaired judgement, slurred speech, incoordination, aggressive behaviors
Signs of Alcohol Intoxication
Signs of Withdrawal: Sweating, tachycardia, hand tremor, insomnia, nausea/vomiting, transient illusions, grand mal seizures
Signs of Alcohol Withdrawal
Caused by thiamine deficiency often associated with alcoholism; symptoms include confusion, leg tremors, vision changes
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
Retrograde and anteretrograde amnesia and confabulation (attempts to compensate memory loss by fabricating memories); hallucinations
Korsakoff’s Syndrome
Signs of Intoxication: Euphoria, anxiety, hyperactivity, grandiosity, paranoia, auditory hallucinations, weight loss
Signs of Amphetamines/Cocaine Intoxication
Signs of Withdrawal: Dysphoria mood, fatigue, vivid/unpleasant dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia
Signs of Amphetamines/Cocaine Withdrawal
Signs of Intoxication: restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, flushed face, diuresis
Signs of Caffeine Intoxication
Signs of Withdrawal: Headache, changes in mood, difficulty concentrating, fatigue
Signs of Caffeine Withdrawal
Signs of Intoxication: Impaired motor coordination and judgement, euphoria, sensation of slowed time, social withdrawal, increased appetite, dry mouth, conjunctival injection (red eyes)
Signs of Cannabis Intoxication
Signs of Withdrawal: Irritability, anger, nervousness, insomnia, weight loss, restlessness, shakiness, sweating, fever, chills, headache
Signs of Cannabis Withdrawal
Signs of Intoxication: perceptual changes, ideas of reference, paranoid ideation, pupillary dilation, palpitations, blurred vision, incoordination
Signs of Hallucinogens Intoxication
Following cessation of use, the re-experiencing of one or more perceptual symptoms that were experienced while intoxicated with this drug; causes significant distress or impairment in functioning
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks)
Signs of Intoxication: initial euphoria followed by apathy or dysphoria, drowsiness, pupillary constriction, slurred speech, impaired memory
Signs of Opioids Intoxication
Signs of Withdrawal: dysphoric mood, nausea/vomiting, muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinorrhea (runny nose & eyes), diarrhea, fever, insomnia
Signs of Opioids Withdrawal
The symptoms of intoxication and withdrawal for these drugs are the same as those associated with alcohol
Sedative, Hypnotics & Anxiolytics
This program is apart of addiction treatment and based on the disease model (addiction is a disease that cannot be cured only controlled)
12 Step Programs (AA, NA, etc.)
A treatment model that focuses on resolving ambivalence and using the person’s own values and concerns to elicit change (rather than “coercing” a person to change behavior)
Motivational Interviewing
The alcoholic family member
Dependent
The person who does everything to get the dependent to stop drinking except what might actually work (confrontation or leaving the relationship)
Enabler
Often the spouse
Enabler
The family member who is aware of what is going on and tries to assume responsibility for the family by being successful
Hero
Often the oldest child
Hero
The family member who rejects the family system
Scapegoat
Often the 2nd child
Scapegoat
The member who quietly withdraws from the family system
Lost child
Often the 3rd child
Lost child
The member who “plays the clown” in order to relieve family tension or their own pain
Mascot
Often the youngest child
Mascot
When NO criteria for SA disorder except cravings have been met for at least 3 months (Does not apply if the person is is on agonist therapy [i.e. methadone] or in a controlled environment [i.e. locked hospital])
Remission
None of the criteria for SA disorder except cravings are met for at least 3 months but less than 12 months
Early Full Remission
None of the criteria for SA disorder except cravings have been met for at least 12 month-period or longer
Sustained Full Remission
A quick screening tool used to assess for alcohol problems specifically; helps determine whether a person drinks in excess and may benefit from treatment
*two or more “yes” responses may indicate an alcohol problem and further assessment needed
The CAGE Questionnaire
A common treatment approach for individuals engaging in SA
Motivational Interviewing
What are the stages of change in MI?
- Pre-contemplation, 2. Contemplation, 3. Preparation, 4. Action, 5. Maintenance
In this stage, the client is not yet thinking about change
Pre-contemplation
In this stage, client is thinking and talking about change. They are considering whether or not to work towards change
Contemplation
In this stage, client is actively planning out step s to take in order to make change happen
Preparation
In this stage, client is taking positive steps to put the plan from the previous stage into practice
Action
In this stage, client is maintaining the change that has been made
Maintenance
An intervention that aims to reduce the negative effects of alcohol and drug use. It acknowledges that despite preventions and abstinence efforts, some will continue to engage in use
Harm Reduction
A type of behavioral therapy that uses incentives to help clients abstain from drugs and alcohol; as goals are achieved, clients receive awards
Contingency Management
