Substance Abuse and Impulse Control - Chapter 12 Content Flashcards
What do psychoactive substances alter?
mood and behaviour
What can happen after taking a lot of psychoactive substances?
This can cause substance intoxication which is a physiological reaction such as impaired judgement and motor abilities, known as getting drunk or high.
Why can’t substance use disorder be based on how much is ingested?
This cannot be used as a method to determine if someone has the disorder or not because everyone reacts to the same amount of drugs differently. This disorder is based on how the level of substance alters their life.
What are some common symptoms of substance use disorder?
Physiological dependence, meaning the use of more amounts of the drug will need to be ingested to have the same effect (tolerance) and withdrawals will happen when the substance is not in their system.
What are the 5 kinds of substances?
- depressants
- stimulants
- opioids
- hallucinones
- other drugs
Define depressants
This result in behavioural sedation and can induce relaxation. these include alcohol, sedatives, hypnotic drugs, and benzodiazepines
Define stimulants
Cause us to be more active and alert and can elevate mood. This includes amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, and caffeine
Define opioids.
The major effect of these drugs is to produce analgesia temporarily (reduce pain) and euphoria. These include heroin, opium, codeine, morphine and oxycodone.
Define hallucinogens
These substances alter sensory perception and can produce delusions, paranoia, and hallucinations. This includes cannabis and LSD
Define what drugs are included in the other drugs category.
Inhalants, anabolic steroids, over the counter
and prescription medications.
Alcohol-related disorder
Cognitive, biological, behavioural and social problems associated with alcohol use and abuse. Must occur within 12 months and have symptoms like a huge tolerance, withdrawal, taken in overly large amounts, craving, etc.
What neuroreceptor system is very sensitive to alcohol?
The GABA system is an inhibitory neurotransmitter and is connected to anxiety. This is people can seem more social when they are drinking as it slows down the neural connections.
Glutamate (loss of memory), serotonin (sleep, moodm eating), dopamine reward (pleasurable feelings)
What neuroreceptor system is very sensitive to alcohol?
The GABA system is an inhibitory neurotransmitter and is connected to anxiety. This is people can seem more social when they are drinking as it slows down the neural connections.
Glutamate (loss of memory), serotonin (sleep, mood eating), dopamine reward (pleasurable feelings)
What are some of the long-term effects of heavy drinking?
Hand tremors, nausea, anxiety, hallucinations, insomnia, withdrawal delirium (frightening hallucinations and body tremors), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (severe B1 deficiencies), dementia
What are some of the stumlant-related disorders?
Amphetamine use disorder: symptoms suchs as euphoira, affective blunting, changes in sociability, interpersonal sensitivity, tension, anger, impaired judgement, etc.
