subgingival environment and microbial communities Flashcards
Remember gram +ve still dominate in supra and sub-gingival community. Just gram -ve are more abundant in sub-gingival community.
what metabolic interactions can alter the subgingival environment?
Nitrogen metabolism produces ammonia which balances acids and can increase the pH
Streptococci, lactobacilli and GNABs produce lactic acid from what kind of fermentation?
glucose
halitosis is a symptom caused by what?
volatile sulphur compounds
what types of adhesion is seen in dental plaque?
- Cell-substratum adhesion
- Homotypic cell-cell adhesion
Heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
- Homotypic cell-cell adhesion
what are the heterotypic cell-cell adhesion types in dental plaque?
are eubacterium species aerobic?
no, anaerobic
where are eubacterium species found?
subgingivally
what are eubacterium associated with?
dental caries
implicated in periodontal disease
propionibacteria is a gram+ve anaerobe. give to examples of it
propionibacteria propionicus
propionibacteria acnes
where is propionibacteria propionicus found?
in mouth, dental plaque and calculus
what does propionibacteria propionicus cause and how?
Causes lesions and tear duct infections
by producing propionic acid
where is propionibacteria acnes found?
in peridontal pocket
what does propionibacteria acnes cause?
Associated with periodontal disease
(and spots)
what is capnocytophagia?
- Gram -ve
Linked to periodontitis
what is Wolinella succinogens linked to?
alveolar bone loss
where is Campylobacter rectus found?
Found in plaque and periodontal pockets
how is campylobacter rectus linked to disease?
Increase in sites of recurrent disease -> periodontopathogen
what therapies are used in periodontal disease?
antimicrobials
antiinflammatory drugs
mechanical removal
what antimicrobials are used in periodontal disease therapy?
metronidazole
tetracyclin
is metronidazole broad or narrow spectrum?
narrow spectrum but still causes reduction in red and orange complex bacteria
metronidazole is not effective against what?
facultative capnophilic organisms e.g. A.actinomycetemcomitans & E.corrodens
what is added with metronidazole to make it effective agains red and orange complexes and antinomycetemcomitans?
amoxycillin
what does tetracyclin do?
Reduce inflammation and block collagenase
what is the issue with tetracyclin?
resistance
name an anti-inflammatory used in periodontal disease therapy
Macrolides
what does supragingival plaque removal do and not do?
Reduces inflammation and GCF flow
Reduction in subgingival organisms
On its own doesn’t prevent LOA
what does subgingival plaque removal do?
Major reduction in bacteria
