subcultural explanations

Question 1

subcultural explanations

Answer 1

deviants hold different values and beliefs than mainstream society - due to feeling excluded from their own culture

Question 2

cohen 1955 - reaction formation

Answer 2

the youth rebound from failure creates status frustration - and the choice of delinquent subculture

Question 3

cloward and ohlin 1960

Answer 3

working class crime is a whole subculture where deviant subcultural values are shared
- criminal subculture
- conflict subculture
- retreatist subculture

Question 4

miller 1962 - focal concerns

Answer 4

deviant subcultural values within the lower working class
- trouble
-toughness
-excitement
- smartness
- fatalism
- autonomy

Question 5

parker and downes 1974

Answer 5

evidence of focal cocnerns in working class youth in liverpool
- dissociated from mainstream values of long term employment
- focused on leisure

Question 6

matza - subterranean values

Answer 6

deviant norms and values are not accepted in normal society but are still practiced
- people use techniques of neutraliation to justify their crime
- youth are less skilled in surpressing their deviant values