CAGE patterns and trends in crime

Question 1

class offending - sutherland (1949)

Answer 1

criminal stats show that crime has a lower incidence in the upper socioeconomic class and a high icnidence in lower socioeconomic classes

Question 2

class offending - social exclusion unit (2002)

Answer 2

prisioners have a history of social exclusion
- 70% of prison population have been unemployed prior
- 30% had been homeless

Question 3

class victimisation

Answer 3

poor are subject to ‘multiple victimisation’

Question 4

class victimisation - great british crime survey

Answer 4

young households and the unemployed are most likely to be burgled and victims of violence

Question 5

class victimisation - young 1988

Answer 5

myth of the equal victim
- the poor are hit harder than other groups

Question 6

class victimisation - kinsey, merseyside crime survey 1984

Answer 6

the poor suffer more than the qealthy from the effects of crime - economically

Question 7

gender offending

Answer 7

males commit 80% of all offences

Question 8

gender offending - ministry of justice 2013

Answer 8

females account for 18% of arrests
- 25% of convictions

Question 9

gender official crime data

Answer 9

peak female age is 15
peak male age is 18

Question 10

gender offending impacts

Answer 10

female offenders more likely to be on benefits
- females treated more leniently

Question 11

gender victimisation

Answer 11

levels for women are lower than men

Question 12

gender victimisation - CSEW

Answer 12

since 1982 fewer woemna re vitims of crime than men
- men more likely vicitms of violence from strangers
- women 2x as likely to report abuse from a partner than men

Question 13

gender victimisation - young 1988

Answer 13

power dynamics change the meaning or seriousness in the same crimes

Question 14

gender victimistaion - hanmer and saunders 1984

Answer 14

interviewed women in leeds
- 20% on a street had been SA unreported

Question 15

age offending

Answer 15

10-17 years responsible for minority of incidence of police recorded crimes
- 20% in 2009/10
- females more likely to recieve youth caution

Question 16

age offending - mcvie 2004

Answer 16

relationship between age andoffedning is unclear because of age bands – lose precise data

Question 17

age victimisation

Answer 17

odler people are more likely to fear crime
young people are likely the vicitms

Question 18

age vicitimsiation - young 1988

Answer 18

violent rimes have more impact on older people
- young women 20-24 are more likely vicitims of domestic abuse than other ages
- 12% of over 65s reported being victims of fraud

Question 19

age vicitmisation - farrington et al (2006)

Answer 19

cambridge study, longditudinal study of 411 boys from east london, by age 50:
- 98% still alive
- 360 had criminal records
- offending peaked at 17

Question 20

ethnicity offending

Answer 20

black people arrested 3x more than white people

Question 21

ethncity offending - 2013 stats

Answer 21

black people 3.1% of population but were 14% of stop and searches
asian were 6.4% but were 10.3% of stop and searches

Question 22

ethnicity offending - bowling and philips 2006

Answer 22

the corwn prosecution service is more likely to drop cases involving black suspects
- suggesting that police arrest black people with inadequate evidence

Question 23

ethnicity victimisation - CSEW

Answer 23

• adults from minority ethnic groups are more likely to be victims of personal crimes
• black people have higher risk of victims of homocide

Question 24

ethnicity victimisation - stephan lawrence

Answer 24

young black boy murdered by a group of white boys
- wasnt solved till years later