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Private Pilot Ground > SU unit 7 weather > Flashcards

SU unit 7 weather Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

Every physical process of weather is accompanied by, or is the result of, a

A

heat exchange

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2
Q

What causes variations in altimeter settings between weather reporting points?

A

Unequal heating of the Earth’s surface

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3
Q

The wind at 5,000 feet AGL

A

Friction between the wind and the surface

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4
Q

The development of thermals depends upon

A

solar heating

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5
Q

Convective circulations patterns associated with sea breezes are caused by

A

cool, dense air moving inland from over the water

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6
Q

The boundary between two different air masses is referred to as a

A

front

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7
Q

One weather phenomenon which will always occur when flying across a front is a change in the

A

wind direction

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8
Q

One of the most easily recognized discontinuities across a front is?

A

A change in temperature

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9
Q

If there is thunderstorm activity in the vicinity of an airport at which you plan to land, which hazardous atmospheric phenomenon might be expected on the landing approach?

A

Wind-shear turbulence

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10
Q

A nonfrontal, narrow band active thunderstorms that often develop ahead of a cold front is known as a

A

squall line

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11
Q

What conditions are necessary for the formation of thunderstorms?

A

High humidity, lifting force, and unstable conditions.

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12
Q

During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominately by downdrafts

A

Dissipating

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13
Q

Thunderstorms reach their greatest intensity during the

A

Mature stage

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14
Q

What feature is normally associated with the cumulus stage of a thunderstorm

A

continuous updraft

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15
Q

Which weather phenomenon signals the beginning of the mature stage of a thundrstorm?

A

Precipitation beginning to fall

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16
Q

Thunderstorms which generally produce the most intense hazard to aircraft are

A

squall line thunderstorms

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17
Q

Which weather phenomenon is always associated with a thunderstorm?

A

Lightning

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18
Q

The mature stage of a thunderstorm begins with

A

the start of precipitation

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19
Q

The destination airport has one runway, 8-26, and the wind is calm. The normal approach in calm wind is a left-hand pattern to runway 8. There is no other traffic at the airport. A thunderstorm about 6 miles west is beginning its mature stage, and rain is starting to reach the ground. The pilot decides to

A

delay departure until the thunderstorm has dissipated

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20
Q

You are avoiding a thunderstorm that is in your flightpath. You are over 20 miles from the cell: however, you are under the anvil of the cell. Is this a hazard

A

Yes, hail can be discharged from the anvil

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21
Q

One in-flight condition necessary for structural icing to form is

A

visible moisture

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22
Q

How will frost on the wings of an airplane affect takeoff performance

A

Frost will disrupt the smooth flow of air over the wing, adversely affecting its lifting capability

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23
Q

Which conditions result in the formation of frost

A

the temperature of the collecting surface is at or below the dewpoint of the adjacent air and the dewpoint is below freezing

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24
Q

How does frost affect the lifting surfaces of an airplane on takeoff

A

Frost may prevent the airplane from becoming airborne at normal takeoff speed

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25
Q

In which environment is aircraft structural ice most likely to have the highest accumulation rate?

A

Freezing rain

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26
Q

The presence of ice pellets at the surface is evidence that there

A

is a temperature inversion with freezing rain at a higher altitude

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27
Q

Why is frost considered hazardous to flight

A

Frost spoils the smooth flow of air over the wings, thereby decreasing lifting

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28
Q

An almond or lens-shaped cloud which appears stationary, but which may contain winds of 50 knots of more, is referred to as

A

a lenticular cloud

29
Q

Crests of standing mountain waves may be marked by stationary, lens-shaped clouds known as

A

standing lenticular clouds

30
Q

Possible mountain wave turbulence could be anticipated when winds of 40 knots or greater blow

A

across a mountain ridge, and the air is stable

31
Q

Where does wind shear occur?

A

At all altitudes, in all directions

32
Q

A pilot can expect a wind-shear zone in a temperature inversion whenever the wind speed at 2,000 to 4,000 feet above the surface is at least

A

25 knots

33
Q

When may hazardous wind shear be expected?

A

In areas of low-level temperature inversion, frontal zones, and clear aur turbulence

34
Q

If the temperature/dewpoint spread is small and decreasing, and the temperature is 62 F, what type weather is most likely to develop?

A

Fog or low clouds

35
Q

What is meant by the term “dewpoint”?

A

The temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated

36
Q

The amount of water vapor which air can hold depends on the

A

air temperature

37
Q

What are the processes by which moisture is added to unsaturated air?

A

Evaporation and sublimation

38
Q

Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when

A

water vapor condenses

39
Q

Low-level turbulence can occur and icing can become hazardous in which type of fog?

A

Steam fog

40
Q

In which situation is advection fog most likely to form?

A

An air mass moving inland from the coast in winter.

41
Q

What situation is most conductive to the formation of radiation fog?

A

Warm, moist air over low, flatland areas on clear, calm nights.

42
Q

What types of fog depend upon wind in order to exist?

A

Advection fog and upslope fog

43
Q

Clouds are divided into four families according to their

A

height range

44
Q

The suffix “nimbus,” used in naming clouds means

A

a rain clopud

45
Q

The conditions necessary for the formation of cumulonimbus clouds are a lifting action and

A

unstable, moist air

46
Q

What clouds have the greatest turbulence?

A

Cumulonimbus

47
Q

At approximately what altitude above the surface would the pilot expect the base of cumuliform clouds if the surface air temperature is 82 F and the dewpoint is 38 F

A

10,000 feet AGL

48
Q

What cloud types would indicate convective turbulence?

A

Towering cumulus clouds

49
Q

What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the surface air temperature at 1,000 feet MSL is 70 F and the dewpoint is 48 F

A

6,000 feet MSL

50
Q

Cumulus clouds often indicate

A

Possible turbulence

51
Q

What is characteristic of stable air?

A

Stratiform clouds

52
Q

When warm, moist, stable air flows upslope, it

A

Produces stratus type clouds

53
Q

If unstable air mass is forced upward, what type clouds can be expected

A

Clouds with considerable vertical development and associated turbulence

54
Q

What are characteristics of unstable air?

A

Turbulence and good surface visibility

55
Q

A stable air mass is most likely to have which characteristic?

A

Poor surface visibility

56
Q

Steady precipitation preceding a front is an indication of

A

Stratiform clouds with little or no turbulence

57
Q

What are characteristics of a moist, unstable air mass?

A

Turbulence and good surface visibility

58
Q

What measurement can be used to determine the stability of the atmosphere?

A

Actual lapse rate

59
Q

The stability of an air mass can usually be determined by

A

Cloud types and the type if precipitation

60
Q

What would decrease the stability of an air mass

A

Warming from below

61
Q

What are the characteristics of an unstable atmosphere

A

A warm, humid air mass

62
Q

Clouds with extensive vertical development over mountainous terrain are a sign of

A

an unstable air mass

63
Q

What feature is associated with a temperature inversion?

A

A stable layer of air

64
Q

The most frequent type of ground or surface-based temperature inversion is that which is produced by

A

Terrestrial radiation on a clear, relatively still night.

65
Q

When there is a temperature inversion, you would expect to experience

A

an increase in temperature as altitude increases

66
Q

Which weather conditions should be expected beneath a low-level temperature inversion layer when the relative humidity is high?

A

Smooth air, poor visibility, fog, haze, or low clouds

67
Q

An increase in temperature with an altitude increase

A

is indication of an inversion

68
Q

Temperature and radiation variations over land with a clear sky typically lead to

A

minimum temperature occurring after sunrise

Private Pilot Ground (12 decks)

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