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ENT Year 2 Medicine > Stuffy Nose > Flashcards

Stuffy Nose Flashcards

1
Q

What is a topical steroid used in the treatment of nasal conditions?

A

Beclomethasone

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2
Q

What is an Antihistamine used in the treatment of nasal conditions?

A

Cetirizine

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3
Q

What is a nasal Decongestant used in the treatment of nasal conditions?

A

Pseudoephedrine

Xylometazoline

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4
Q

What Anticholinergics are used in the treatment of nasal conditions?

A

Ipratropium

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5
Q

What Leukotriene blockers are used in the treatment of nasal conditions?

A

Montelukast

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6
Q

What are the primary symptoms of someone with a blocked nose?

A

Loss of smell
Discharge
Facial Pain

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7
Q

What are the secondary symptoms of someone with a blocked nose?

A 
Dry mouth
Sore throat
Snoring 
Halitosis
Loss of taste
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8
Q

List some causes of permanent allergic rhinitis.

A

House Dust Mites
Cats
Dogs

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9
Q

List some causes of intermittent allergic rhinitis.

A

Grass Tree pollen and Fungal spores

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10
Q

What is the triad of treatment for allergic rhinitis?

A

Allergen avoidance
Symptomatic therapy
Immunotherapy

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11
Q

What is the treatment plan of someone with allergic rhinitis?

A
  1. Antihistamine
  2. Topica Steroid
  3. Topical Steroid + Antihistamines
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12
Q

In infective rhinitis what is the most common cause?

A

Viral - Adeno Corona Rhinovirus

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13
Q

What condition has a strong association with nasal polyps?

A

Non allergic rhinitis

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14
Q

What is the mainstay of treatment for nasal polyps?

A

Topical steroid treatment

Surgery if polyps are unresponsive, followed by topical steroids.

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15
Q

What does someone with acute rhinosinusitis present with?

A

Facial pain
Purulent discharge
Nasal Blockage

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16
Q

What is the treatment for rhinosinusitis?

A

Analgesics

Decongestion - xylometazoline, pseudephedrine

17
Q

What are some risks of rhinosinusitis?

A

Orbital abscess
Frontal lobe abscess
Meningitis

18
Q

In a case of suspected allergic rhinitis what should the patient undergo?

A

Skin Prick testing

RAST - IgE levels

19
Q

In a case of nasal trauma what should be watched out for?

A

Septal haemotoma

20
Q

What is the risk of a septal haemotoma?

A

Blood is prevented from reaching the cartilage leading to the death of the cartilage and collapse of the nose.

21
Q

If a young child presents with unilateral discharge from one nostril what is it likely to be?

A

Foreign object

ENT Year 2 Medicine (12 decks)

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