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ENT Year 2 Medicine > Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three conchae within the cavity called?

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

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2
Q

What is the function of the conchae?

A

Create turbulence to hold the air within the cavity long enough to stimulate the olfactory receptors.

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3
Q

What makes up the nasal septum?

A

Septal cartilage- anterior
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid -Superior
Vomer - Inferior and posterior

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4
Q

What cartilage makes up the posterior and inferior of the nasal septum?

A

Vomer

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5
Q

What cartilage makes up the superior portion of the nasal septum?

A

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

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6
Q

What cartilage makes up the anterior portion of the nasal septum?

A

Septal cartilage

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7
Q

What foramens enter the nasal cavity?

A

Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen
Sphenopalatine foramen
Incisive foramen

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8
Q

Where is the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen situated?

A

Superior aspect of the nasal cavity

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9
Q

Where is the sphenopalatine foramen situated?

A

Posterior aspect

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10
Q

Where is the incisive foramen situated?

A

Inferior passes through the midline

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11
Q

Which area of the nasal cavity has the most vascular innervation?

A

Kiesselbachs plexus

-littles area

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12
Q

How many arterial inputs does kiesselbachs plexus have?

A 
5 arterial inputs
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery
Sphenopalatine artery
Greater palatine artery
Septal branch of superior labial artery
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13
Q

Where do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries come from?

A

Ophthalmic artery, pass through ethmoidal foramen

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14
Q

Where does the sphenopalatine come from?

A

Derives from the maxillary artery

Passes through the sphenopalatine foramen

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15
Q

Where does the greater palatine artery come from?

A

Derives from the maxillary artery

Supplies the hard palate befpore passing superiorly via the incisive foramen.

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16
Q

Where does the septal branch of the superior labial artery come from ?

A

Derives from the facial artery

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17
Q

What mucosa makes up the nasal vestibule?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

transitions from keratinised to non keratinised

18
Q

What is the nasal vestibule?

A

Area at the entrance to the nasal cavity

19
Q

What mucosa makes up the Nasal cavity?

A

Respiratory epithelium

Olfactory epithelium

20
Q

Where in the nasal cavity is olfactory epithelium found?

A

Lining the superior aspect

21
Q

Where in the nasal cavity is respiratory epithelium found?

A

Lining everywhere but the superior aspect and nasal vestibule.

22
Q

What area is found superior to the superior conchae?

A

Sphenoethmoidal reccess

23
Q

What sinus drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess?

A

The sphenoid sinus

24
Q

What lies inferior to the superior conchae?

A

The superior meatus

25
Q

What sinus drains into the superior meatus?

A

The posterior ethmoidal sinus

26
Q

What lies inferior to the middle conchae?

A

The middle meatus

27
Q

What three sinus’s drain into the middle conchae?

A

Anterior ethmoidal sinus
Frontal sinus
Maxilliary sinus

28
Q

What lies inferiorly to the inferior conchae?

A

The inferior meatus

29
Q

What sinus drains into the inferior meatus?

A

The nasolacrimal duct

30
Q

What cranial nerve is involved in the sense of smell?

A

CN I - Olfactory nerve

31
Q

Where do the olfactory nerves pass through and innervate?

A

They pass through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone, and innervate the olfactory epithelium.

32
Q

What is the name of the ganglion located superiorly to the ethmoid plate?

A

The olfactory bulb

33
Q

From the olfactory bulb where does the action potential travel?

A

Along the olfactory tract

34
Q

What nerves are involved in the general somatic sensation within the nasal cavity?

A

CN V1 - Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

CN V2- Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

35
Q

What other name does CNV1 go by within the nasal cavity?

A

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

36
Q

What other name does CNV2 go by within the nasal cavity?

A

Nasopalatine nerve

37
Q

Where does the Nasopalatine nerve pass through to enter the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

38
Q

Where does CN V1 innervate?

A

Anterosuperior cavity

39
Q

Where does CN V2 innervate?

A

Postoinferior cavity

40
Q

Where do both CN V1 and V2 synapse?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

41
Q

How does CN V1 enter the cranial cavity?

A

Superior orbital fissure

42
Q

How does CN V2 enter the cranial cavity?

A

Foramen Rotundum

ENT Year 2 Medicine (12 decks)

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