Nasal Cavity Flashcards
What are the three conchae within the cavity called?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
What is the function of the conchae?
Create turbulence to hold the air within the cavity long enough to stimulate the olfactory receptors.
What makes up the nasal septum?
Septal cartilage- anterior
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid -Superior
Vomer - Inferior and posterior
What cartilage makes up the posterior and inferior of the nasal septum?
Vomer
What cartilage makes up the superior portion of the nasal septum?
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
What cartilage makes up the anterior portion of the nasal septum?
Septal cartilage
What foramens enter the nasal cavity?
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen
Sphenopalatine foramen
Incisive foramen
Where is the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen situated?
Superior aspect of the nasal cavity
Where is the sphenopalatine foramen situated?
Posterior aspect
Where is the incisive foramen situated?
Inferior passes through the midline
Which area of the nasal cavity has the most vascular innervation?
Kiesselbachs plexus
-littles area
How many arterial inputs does kiesselbachs plexus have?
5 arterial inputs Anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery Sphenopalatine artery Greater palatine artery Septal branch of superior labial artery
Where do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries come from?
Ophthalmic artery, pass through ethmoidal foramen
Where does the sphenopalatine come from?
Derives from the maxillary artery
Passes through the sphenopalatine foramen
Where does the greater palatine artery come from?
Derives from the maxillary artery
Supplies the hard palate befpore passing superiorly via the incisive foramen.
Where does the septal branch of the superior labial artery come from ?
Derives from the facial artery
What mucosa makes up the nasal vestibule?
Stratified squamous epithelium
transitions from keratinised to non keratinised
What is the nasal vestibule?
Area at the entrance to the nasal cavity
What mucosa makes up the Nasal cavity?
Respiratory epithelium
Olfactory epithelium
Where in the nasal cavity is olfactory epithelium found?
Lining the superior aspect
Where in the nasal cavity is respiratory epithelium found?
Lining everywhere but the superior aspect and nasal vestibule.
What area is found superior to the superior conchae?
Sphenoethmoidal reccess
What sinus drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess?
The sphenoid sinus
What lies inferior to the superior conchae?
The superior meatus
What sinus drains into the superior meatus?
The posterior ethmoidal sinus
What lies inferior to the middle conchae?
The middle meatus
What three sinus’s drain into the middle conchae?
Anterior ethmoidal sinus
Frontal sinus
Maxilliary sinus
What lies inferiorly to the inferior conchae?
The inferior meatus
What sinus drains into the inferior meatus?
The nasolacrimal duct
What cranial nerve is involved in the sense of smell?
CN I - Olfactory nerve
Where do the olfactory nerves pass through and innervate?
They pass through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone, and innervate the olfactory epithelium.
What is the name of the ganglion located superiorly to the ethmoid plate?
The olfactory bulb
From the olfactory bulb where does the action potential travel?
Along the olfactory tract
What nerves are involved in the general somatic sensation within the nasal cavity?
CN V1 - Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
CN V2- Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
What other name does CNV1 go by within the nasal cavity?
Anterior ethmoidal nerve
What other name does CNV2 go by within the nasal cavity?
Nasopalatine nerve
Where does the Nasopalatine nerve pass through to enter the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine foramen
Where does CN V1 innervate?
Anterosuperior cavity
Where does CN V2 innervate?
Postoinferior cavity
Where do both CN V1 and V2 synapse?
Trigeminal ganglion
How does CN V1 enter the cranial cavity?
Superior orbital fissure
How does CN V2 enter the cranial cavity?
Foramen Rotundum
