Ear Disease Flashcards
What would you see in the ear of someone with acute otitis media?
Bulging red ear drum, light reflection shifted or several appear.
Unable to see the handle of the maleus
How long does someone have to have otitis media for it to become chronic?
Over 3 months
What is Otitis media with effusion also known as?
Glue ear
Who is most commonly affected by glue ear?
Young children
In children what is glue ear commonly associated with?
Eustachian tube dysfunction
What is the most common presenting complaint of someone with glue ear?
Hearing loss
Delayed speech development
What are some risk factors for developing glue ear?
M>F Day care Older siblings Smoking in the household Recurrent URTI
What would you see in the ear of a child with OME (glue ear)?
TM retraction
Multiple light reflections
Grey fluid behind the tympanic membrane
What kind of hearing loss is present in someone with OME?
Conductive
What is the treatment for someone with OME?
Valsalva manouvre to open the eustachian tube.
If a child has been referred with OME what is the treatment plan?
Grommets - drain the fluid and ensure pressure balance is equal.
Hearing aid - to make up for transient hearing loss.
If a child is referenda for a second time with OME and over 3 years old what is the treatment plan?
Grommets, Hearing Aid, Adenoid removal
If a child over 3 is referred with OME and other Nasal issues what is the treatment plan?
Adenoids are removed
Grommet
What are the main causes of peroration of the tympanic membrane?
Acute otitis media
Trauma - foreign object or barotrauma
What is the treatment for a perforate ear drum?
Keep dry and let it heal spontaneously
For a cholesteatoma to be diagnosed what must be present within the ear?
Presence of keratin
What is the treatment for cholesteatoma?
Surgical excision and reconstruction
What is the main risk associated with a cholesteatoma?
Osteitis leading to formation of abscesses within the bone or even the brain.
What is usually seen in the ear of someone with cholesteatoma?
Retraction of the tympanic membrane
Collection of dead skin cells
Destruction of malleus incus stapes
What is the disease progression in someone with otosclerosis?
Gradual onset conductive hearing loss with acceleration during pregnancy.
What happens in Otosclerosis?
Fixation of the Stapes footplate.
What is the treatment for Otosclerosis?
Surgery - Stapedectomy
What is Presbycusis?
Natural age related hearing loss
What is the disease profile of someone with Presbycusis?
His frequency hearing loss, with a highly variable onset.
What classic sign indicates noice induced hearing loss?
Dip at 4khz
List drugs which can induce hearing loss?
Gentamicin
Chemotherapy- Cisplatin Pt based
Aspirin NSAIDS
In a vestibular schwannoma what is the classic presenting complaint?
Hearing loss
Tinnitus
Loss of balanc
How is a vestibular schwannoma diagnosed?
MRI
What kind of hearing loss is associated with Menieres disease?
Low frequency hearing
Brusing over the mastoid process is likely to indicate what?
Temporal bone fracture as a result of trauma
Why would trauma to the temporal bone carry a risk of causing hearing loss?
It could destroy the internal auditory meatus
