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A&P 1 > study questions ch. 11-14 > Flashcards

study questions ch. 11-14 Flashcards

1
Q

spinal nerves CS(C5?)-T1 make up the ______ plexus
a. sacral
b. lumbar
c. cervical
d. brachial
e. tube

A

d. brachial

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2
Q

if the ventral root of the spinal nerve were cut, the regions innervated by that spinal nerve would experience complete loss of
a. sensation
b. pain
c. movement
d. sensation and movement
e. none of these are correct

A

c. movement

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3
Q

digestion of food is regulated by the
a. parasympathetic division of the ANS
b. sensory division
c. sympathetic division of the ANS
d. somatic nervous system
e. none of the above

A

a. parasympathetis division of the ANS

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4
Q

the enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the
a. digestive tract
b. brain
c. spinal cord
d. urinary bladder

A

a. digestive track (enter/ means intestines)

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5
Q

the thickest of the meninges is the
a. pia mater
b. arachnoid space
c. dura mater
d. subdural space
e. subarachnoid space

A

c. dura mater

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6
Q

the brachial plexus supples nerves that function to contract which of the following
a. abdominal muscles
b. the diaphragm
c. muscles of the lower limb
d. intercostal muscles
e. muscles of the arm and forearm

A

e. muscles of the arm and forearm

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7
Q

the sleep/wake cycle is influenced by the
a. reticular activating system (RAS)
b. vermis
c. thalamic nuclei
d. basal nuclei
e. cerebellum

A

a. reticular activating system (RAS)

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8
Q

most sensory input that ascends through the spinal cord and brainstem projects to the
a. pineal gland
b. subthalamus
c. thalamus
d. mammillary bodies
e. hypothalamus

A

c. thalamus

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9
Q

arrange the following in order from the diencephalon downward
1. spinal cord 2. midbrain 3. medulla 4. pons
a. 2,4,3,1
b. 1,2,3,4
c. 3,2,4,1
d. 4,1,3,2
e. 4,2,3,1

A

a. 2,4,3,1

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10
Q

in the thoracic region (T1-T12), the ventral rami of spinal nerves form _____; elsewhere the ventral rami form ______.
a. dorsal nerves; ganglia
b. ventral nerves; splanchnic nerves
c. plexuses; dermatones
d. ganglia; phrenic nerves
e. intercostal nerves; plexuses

A

e. intercostal nerves; plexuses

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11
Q

which of the following events in a stretch reflex occurs last
a. alpha motor neurons transmit action potentials to muscle causing contraction
b. muscle spindle detects stretch of muscle
c. muscle is stretched
d. afferent neurons conduct action potentials to the spinal cord
e. afferent neurons synapse with alpha motor neurons

A

a. alpha motor neurons transmit action potentials to muscle causing contraction

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12
Q

the gray matter on the outer surface of the cerebrum is called the
a. cortex
b. cerebral medulla
c. reticular formation
d. arbor vitae
c. pia mater

A

a. cortex

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13
Q

in the spinal cord, white matter is organized into
a. horms and the gray matter into roots
b. columns and the gray matter into tracts
c. horns and the gray matter into columns
d. columns and the gray matter into horns

A

d. columns and the gray matter into horns

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14
Q

the sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system
a. does not invovle sensory receptors
b. stimulates glands to release hormones
c. stimulates muscle contractions
d. transmits action potentials to sensory organs
e. conveys action potentials to the CNS

A

e. conveys action potentials to the CNS

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15
Q

place the following parts of a reflex arc in the correct order beginning with the sensory receptor
1. motor neuron
2. interneuron
3. effector
4. sensory neuron
5. sensory receptor

a. 5,1,2,3,4
b. 5,2,3,4,1
c. 5,3,2,4,1
d. 5,4,2,1,3
e. 5,4,3,2,1

A

d. 5,4,2,1,3

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16
Q

from which embryonic brain region does the medulla oblongata form
a. mesencephalon
b. telencephalon
c. metencephalon
d. myelencephalon
e. diencephalon

A

d. myelencephalon

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17
Q

what structure makes the dorsal root different from the ventral root
a. the dorsal root has a tract
b. the dorsal root appears the same as the ventral root
c. the dorsal root has a ganglion
d. the dorsal root has a nucleus

A

c. the dorsal root has a ganglion

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18
Q

association fibers connect
a. areas of the cerebral cortex with the areas of the spinal cord
b. areas of the cerebral cortex with areas of the midbrain
c. the cerebrum with the spinal cord
d. areas of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere
e. one cerebral hemisphere to another

A

d. areas of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere

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19
Q

what space, found between the vertebral wall and the dura mater, is the area for injecting anesthesia for childbirth
a. subdural space
b. epipial space
c. subarachnoid space
d. epidural space

A

d. epidural space

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20
Q

cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the ______ and is reabsorbed by the _____
a. choroid plexus; arachnoid granulation
b. arachnoid granulation; choroid plexus
c. septa pellucida; cerebral aqueduct
d. dura mater; dural sinus
e. dural sinus; dura mater

A

a. choroid plexus; arachnoid granulation

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21
Q

the perinerium
a. bundles fascicles into nerves
b. surrounds nerve cell bodies
c. bundles axons into fascicles
d. bundles fascicles into axons
e. surrounds individual axons and their Schwann cells

A

c. bundles axons into fascicles

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22
Q

the fact that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body is explained by the
a. need for contra-lateral control of body function
b. brainstem being below the midbrain
c. division of the cerebellum into two hemispheres
d. division of the cerebrum into two hemispheres
e. decussation of the pyramids in the medulla

A

e. decussation of the pyramids in the medulla

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23
Q

if a withdrawal reflex is initiated in one leg, the crossed extensor reflex causes
a. a withdrawal reflex in the opposite leg
b. inhibition of abduction in the opposite leg
c. extension of the opposite leg
d. both legs to extend
e. flexion in both legs

A

c. extension of the opposite leg

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24
Q

if you pinch your index finger in a door, pain sensations are carried via the nerve
a. axillary
b. obturator
c. ulnar
d. musculocutaneous
e. median

A

e. median

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25
Q

Schwann cells differ from oligodendrocytes in which of the following ways
a. oligodendrocytes are only found in the PNS; Schwann cells are only found in the CNS
b. Schwann cells form myelin; oligodendrocytes do not
c. Schwann cells form sheaths around only one axon
d. Schwann cells form myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons
e. none of the above

A

d. Schwann cells form myelin sheath around a portion of only one axon, while oligodendrocytes can surround portions of several axons

26
Q

what type of neuroglial cells provide support and nutrition to sensory ganglia in the PNS
a. microglia
b. Schwann cells
c. ependymal cells
d. satellite cells

A

d. satellite cells

27
Q

action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is
a. from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier on the myelinated axon
b. on an unmyelinated axon
c. from internode to node on a myelinated axon
d. from internode to internode
e. on a small diameter axon

A

a. from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier on the myelinated axon

28
Q

the plasma membrane of a neuron is more permeable to potassium ions because
a. there are more leak ion channels for Na+ than K+
b. there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+
c. of its postitive electrical charge
d. protein molecules cannot exit through the cell membrane
e. calcium ions block Na+ and Cl- channels

A

b. there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+

29
Q

during depolarization of the plasma membrane
a. sodium ions move rapidly into the cell
b. sodium cells move rapidly out of the cell
c. membrane permeability to sodium ions decrease
d. the ouside of the cell becomes positively charged relative to the inside
e. potassium ions move rapidly out of the cell

A

a. sodium ions move rapidly into the cell

30
Q

during the absolute refractory period, the cell
a. generates many local potentials
b. is insensitive to further stimulation
c. responds to even weak stimuli
d. is very sensitive
e. none of the above

A

b. is insensitive to further stimulation

31
Q

the middle, thin, spider web-like meninx is the
a. extomater
b. dura mater
c. pia mater
d. arachnoid mater

A

d. arachnoid (means spider) mater

32
Q

LouAnn is being treated for a neurological condition with a specific drug that target neurons deep within the brain. Which glial cell must be bypassed by this drug in order for it to be effective
a. microglial
b. macrophage
c. oligodendroncytes
d. ependymal cell
e. astrocyte

A

e. astrocyte

33
Q

Sam is curling very heavy weights and suddenly drops them. Which reflex forced this action by sam to prevent tendon damage
a. withdrawal reflex
b. gamma motor reflex
c. muscle spindle reflex
d. golgi tendon reflex
e. alpha motor neuron reflex

A

d. golgi tendon reflex

34
Q

damage to which of these neerves would be most life-threatening
a. lumbar nerves
b. phrenic nerves
c. radial nerves
d. sciatic nerves
e. median nerves

A

b. phrenic nerves

35
Q

when a person sits on a hard surface for a period of time, his foot or leg may “go to sleep” nerve. This sensation is the result of compressing the _____ nerve
a. pudendal
b. sciatic
c. obturator
d. ulnar
e. femoral

A

b. sciatic

36
Q

a car wreck causes a loud sound behind you and reflexively, you turn your eyes towards the sound. Which of the following is responsible for this action
a. cerebellum
b. thalamus
c. medulla
d. superior colliculi
e. reticular formation

A

d. superior colliculi

37
Q

which area of the brain contains areas that initiates REM sleep
a. diencephalon
b. pons
c. thalamus
d. medulla oblongata
e. midbrain

A

b. pons

38
Q

the mammillary bodies
a. influence the onset of puberty
b. are involved in emotional responses to odors
c. are found in the thalamus
d. influence breast milk production
e. produce reproductive hormones

A

b. are involved in emotional responses to odors

39
Q

the corpus callosum
a. connects the frontal lobe to the occipital lobe
b. is found at the base of the transverse fissure
c. is a band of commissural fibers that connects the right cerebral hemisphere
d. consists of a broad band of gray matter
e. connects the frontal love to the parietal lobe

A

c. is a band of commissural fibers that connects the right cerebral hemisphere to the left cerebral hemisphere

40
Q

the limbic system
a. is associated with basic survival instincts of nutrition, memory, and reproduction
b. includes the brainstem
c. is a memory area in the midbrain
d. has recently evolved
e. controls voluntary movements of the arms and legs

A

a. is associated with basic survival instincts of nutrition, memory, and reproduction

41
Q

dysfunction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle could result from damage to the
a. abducens? nerve
b. hypoglossal nerve
c. accessory nerve
d. facial nerve
e. vagus nerve

A

c. accessory nerve

42
Q

a deer hunter lost the hearing in his right ear after his gun exploded when he tried firing it. His hearing loss is the result of damage to what nerve
a. vagus
b. vestibulocochlear
c. hypoglossal
d. glossopharyngeal
e. trigeminal

A

b. vestibulocochlear

43
Q

Maggie has her wisdom teeth removed, and later has difficulty with chewing and cannot feel sensations to the side of her face. This is likely caused by the numbing of the
a. vestibulocochlear nerve
b. vagus nerve
c. trigeminal nerve
d. trochlear nerve
e. hypoglossal nerve

A

c. trigeminal nerve

44
Q

what is found in the dorsal root ganglion
a. the cell bodies of multipolar motor neurons
b. the cell bodies of bipolar sensory neurons
c. the cell bodies of multipolar interneurons
d. the cell bodies of pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons

A

d. the cell bodies of pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons

45
Q

reflexes function in
a. removing the body from painful stimuli
b. maintaining blood CO2 levels
c. maintaining blood pressure
d. keeping the body from falling
e. all of these choices are correct

A

e. all of these choices are correct

46
Q

the sensory receptor of the stretch reflex is the
a. dorsal root ganglion
b. muscle spindle
c. alpha motor neurons
d. golgi tendon organ
e. collateral axon

A

b. muscle spindle

47
Q

which ventricle is located between the two halves of the thalamus
a. second ventricle
b. fourth ventricle
c. first ventricle
d. third ventricle

A

d. third ventricle

48
Q

when you lick frosting off a knife with the tip of your tongue and find the frosting has an orange flavor to it, which cranial nerve is being used to determine the taste of the frosting
a. hypoglossal
b. facial
c. abducens
d. glossopharyngeal
e. trigeminal

A

b. facial

49
Q

what structures connect the cerebellum to the brainstem and allow communication between the cerebellum and other parts of the CNS
a. cerebellar peduncles
b. funiculi
c. commissures

A

a. cerebellar peduncles

50
Q

which of the following cranial nerves does not innervate the tongue
a. glossopharyngeal
b. accessory
c. hypoglossal
d. facial
e. all of these would innervate with the tongue

A

b. accessory

51
Q

facial expression is regulated by the
a. vagus nerve
b. accessory nerve
c. facial nerve
d. abducens nerve
e. trigeminal nerve

A

c. facial nerve

52
Q

the blockage of CSF inside the brain is a condition called
a. ventricular hydrocephalus
b. internal hydrocephalus
c. internal hematoma
d. none of the above

A

b. internal hydrocephalus

53
Q

the cerebral aqueduct connects
a. the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle
b. the two lateral ventricles
c. connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle
d. connects the fouth ventricle to the subarachnoid space

A

a. the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle

54
Q

sixteen year-old Jake is diagnosed with hydrocephaly. What will this do if left untreated
a. the brain will shrink and shrivel
b. the choroid plexus will enlarge
c. the excess fluid will exert pressure on his brain
d. none of the above

A

c. the excess fluid will exert pressure on his brain

55
Q

there are _____ pairs of cervical spinal nerves
a. 12
b. 8
c. 5
d. 6

A

b. 8

56
Q

when a person hits their funny bone, they cause temporary damage to the ______
a. radial nerve
b. ulnar nerve
c. axillary nerve
d. musculocutaneous nerve
e. median nerve

A

b. ulnar nerve

57
Q

an injury to the wrist that results in edema in the carpal tunnel would compress the
a. ulnar nerve
b. median nerve
c. musculocutaneous nerve
d. radial nerve
e. axillary nerve

A

b. median nerve

58
Q

if you feel someone touch you on the shoulder, the person has stimulated a(n)
_____ sense
a. undifferentiated
b. somatic
c. special
d. visceral
e. none of these choices are correct

A

b. somatic

59
Q

if the Broca area is damaged, the result is
a. loss of memory
b. difficulty with motor speech and ability to make sounds
c. inability to think of things to say
d. blindness
e. impairment in the movement of the right leg

A

b. difficulty with motor speech and ability to make sounds

60
Q

which of the following is an example of procedural or implicit memory
a. riding a bicycle
b. remembering your name
c. being afraid of snakes
d. reciting a poem
e. locating Russia on a globe

A

a. riding a bicycle

A&P 1 (8 decks)

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