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A&P 1 > study questions > Flashcards

study questions Flashcards

1
Q

The extracellular materical found in the tissues is called
a. lymph
b. plasma
c. matrix
d. fibroblast
e. cytoplasm

A

c.

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2
Q

In appositional growth of cartilage,
a. new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue
b. chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside
c. osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts
d. the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow
e. the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue

A

a.

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3
Q

The various types of epithelium are classified by
a. the number of cell layers and size of the cells
b. the size and shape of cells
c. the size and location of cells
d. function and size of cells
e. the shape of cells and number of cell layers

A

e. (simple/stratified/pseudostratified, squamous/columnar/cuboidal)

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4
Q

Thin sheets of bone matrix are
a. lacunae
b. canaliculi
c. periosteum
d. lamellae
e. trabeculae

A

d.

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5
Q

What term dealing with cancer means “not inclined to spread or become worse?”
a. sarcoma
b. carcinoma
c. metastasis
d. benign
e. malignant

A

d.

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6
Q

Which of the following types of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix? (not correct)
a. bone - mineralized matrix
b. blood - fluid matrix
c. areolar - loosely packed matrix of collagen fibers
d. cartilage - highly vascular matrix
e. bone - highly vascular

A

d. (cartilage lacks blood supply)

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7
Q

The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems) is
a. concentric
b. circumferential
c. oppositional
d. appositional
e. intersitial

A

a

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8
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the mouth
a. simple cubiodal epithelium
b. transitional epithelium
c. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
d. stratified squamous epithelium
e. simple columnar epithelium

A

d.

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9
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder?
a. simple columnar epithelium
c. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
d. transitional epithelium
e. stratified squamous epithelium

A

d.

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10
Q

A bone will become bendable if
a. mineral is removed
b. collagen is removed
c. water is removed
d. the epiphyseal plate has not completely ossified
e. the epiphyseal plate has completely ossified

A

a. mineral is removed

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11
Q

Unlike an exocrine gland, an endocrine gland
a. sheds cells with its secretions
b. contains goblet cells
c. is a secretory organ
d. has no ducts

A

d.

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12
Q

Structures that function in intercellular communication are
a. hemidesmosomes
b. tight junctions
c. desmosomes
d. gap junctions

A

d.

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13
Q

An infant born with a genetic defect that causes little or no brown fat to be formed will have
a. very stretchy tendons
b. difficulty breathing
c. difficulty regulating his body temperature
d. difficulty absorbing nutrients from the intestine
e. a reduced bone mass

A

c.

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14
Q

A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as
a. multicellular
b. simple coiled tubular
c. simple acinar
d. simple branched tubular
e. compound acinar

A

e.

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15
Q

Which of the following characteristics is NOT consistent with simple squamous epithelial tissue?
a. the cells are thin and flat
b. rest on a basement membrane
c. has good blood supply within it
d. little extracellular material
e. acts as a permeability barrier

A

c. (epithelial tissue is avascular)

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16
Q

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?
a. osteocyte
b. chondroclast
c. osteoclast
d. fibroblast
e. chondroblast

A

c.

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17
Q

The “cement” or ____________ gives the matrix its weight-bearing capacity or strength, and rigidity
a. dendrites
b. calcitonin
c. axons
d. collagen
e. hydroxyapetite

A

e.

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18
Q

What type of cells support the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. And nourish and protect neurons
a. dendrites
b. ligaments
c. axons
d. trabeculae
e. neuroglia

A

e.

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19
Q

The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are
A) collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
B) chondronectic, osteonectin, fibronectin
C) proteoglycan, elastin, and reticular fibers.
D) proteoglycan, elastin, and hyaluronic acid.
E) hyaluronic acid, collagen, and reticular fibers.

A

a.

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20
Q

Spongy bone tissue
A) is the primary component of compact bone.
B) contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae.
C) is very dense.
D) has many spaces and lacks osteocytes.
E) contains concentric lamellae.

A

b.

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21
Q

The locations where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification are known as
A) membranous ossification centers.
B) secondary ossification centers.
C) centers of ossification.
D) medullary cavity ossification centers.
E) epiphyseal ossification centers.

A

c.

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22
Q

Cartilage
A) is composed of osteons.
B) does not need nutrients and oxygen so it has no blood vessels.
C) contains chondrocytes located in lacunae.
D) is surrounded by a membrane called the periosteum.
E) is well vascularized.

A

c.

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23
Q

What type of connective tissue is found between the vertebrae?
A) hyaline cartilage
B) dense regular collagenous tissue
C) clastic cartilage
D) dense irregular elastic tissue
E) fibrocartilage

A

e.

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24
Q

The type of membrane that lines freely movable joints is a ______________ membrane.
A) serous
B) pleural
C) mucous
D) visceral
E) synovial

A

e.

25
Q

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of
A) bone matrix.
B) blood.
C) ligaments.
D) hyaline cartilage.
E) fibrous cartilage.

A

a.

26
Q

Which of the following is correctly matched?
A) short bone - humerus
B) irregular bone - femur
C) long bone - vertebra-
D) flat bone - phalanges of the toes
E) short bone - carpal bone

A

e.

27
Q

These are blood vessels that carry blood from the medullary cavity and periosteum to the osteon and run perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and the central canal.
A) Sharpey’s canals
B) lamellar canals
C) Haversian canals
D) Volkmann canals
E) osteochondral canals

A

d.

28
Q

In which type of bone would osteons be present?
A) compact bone
B) spongy bone
C) both spongy and compact

A

c.

29
Q

Some marrow of long bones is termed “red” marrow. The function of red marrow is to
A) store bone-forming cells.
B) make vitamin D.
C) manufacture tissue cells for the skin.
D) manufacture blood cells.
E) store adipose tissue

A

d.

30
Q

What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?
A) parathyroid hormone
B) sex hormones
C) vitamin D
D) growth hormone
El calcitonin

A

c.

31
Q

Woven bone
A) is organized into thin sheets of tissue
B) has its collagen fibers randomly oriented.
C) is not easily restructured.
D) is very light in weight.
E) none of the above

A

b.

32
Q

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?
A) Sharpey fibers
B) growth plate
C) endosteum
D) epiphysis
E) medullary cavity

A

d.

33
Q

Which of the following functions is associated with the skin?
A) regulation of body ph
B) protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun
C) fat production
D) vitamin C production
E) vitamin A production

A

b.

34
Q

The superficial layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the
a. hypodermis
b. mesodermis
c. dermis
d. papillary layer
e. epidermis

A

e.

35
Q

Which type of skin cancer is the most deadly?
a. Kaposi’s sarcoma
b. basal cell carcinoma
c. squamous cell caricimona
d. melanoma

A

d.

36
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true?
A) The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes.
B) The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels.
C) The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules.
D) The dermis is superficial to the epidermis
E) The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels in the papillary layer of the dermis

A

e.

37
Q

A burn classified as partial thickness could be classified as _____________ under the older system.
A) thin or deep
B) second or third degree
C) none of the other options are correct
D) first or second degree

A

d.

38
Q

What type of burn appears white or black with no immediate pain?
A) first-degree
B) partial-thickness
C) third-degree
D) fourth-degree
E) second-degree

A

c

39
Q

One type of experimental contraceptive device is a skin patch that contains a chemical absorbed through the skin. Which of the following substances might be the type of chemical involved?
A) proteins
B) carbohydrates
C) water-soluble substances
D) amino acids
E) lipid-soluble substances

A

e

40
Q

When the arrector pili muscles contract
A) the body is able to lose heat.
B) no change is noted on the skin surface.
C) “goose bumps” form on the skin.
D) the sweat glands empty their contents onto the surface of the skin.
E) the hair on your arms and legs begins to curl.

A

c

41
Q

Adipose tissue in the hypodermis
A) is absent in infants
B) connects the dermis with the epidermis
C) serves as a storage site for fat, which can be used for energy
D) provides protection against infection
E) helps to lower body temperature

A

c

42
Q

If you accidentally cut your arm and see connective tissue and fat, which layer(s) was/were cut?
A) hypodemis
B) stratum corneum
C) stratum basale
D) dermis
E) all of these layers

A

e

43
Q

A parent of an baby visits her podiatrician because her baby is turing orange. Fortunately, the baby’s lab tests indicate no abnormality. What could be causing the orange coloration?
A) There is no logical explanation for this coloration change.
B) The mother has been feeding the baby orange soda.
C) The baby’s diet consists of mostly sweet potatoes and carrots.
D) The baby was in the sun too long.

A

c

44
Q

Which of the following statements is false?
A) Secretions from sebaceous glands oil the hair and skin.
B) Most sebaceous glands are connected by a duct to the upper portion of the hair follicle
C) Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands.
D) Secretions from sebaceous glands provide protection against bacteria.
E) none of the above.

A

c

45
Q

Rickets is
A) a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.
B) a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development.
C) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection.
D) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion.
D) a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix.

A

a

46
Q

It is possible to determine if a child’s long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the
A) epiphyseal plate
B) articular cartilage
C) diaphysis
D) medullary cavity

A

a

47
Q

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts that travel through or across the bone surface removing and replacing old bone matrix are collectivily called a(n) ______________________.
A) osteon
B) basic multicellular unit
C) bone reformation unit
D) callus multicelluar unit
E) osteogenic repair unit

A

b

48
Q

What does structure “A” represent on the bone diagram?
A) epiphyseal lines
B) cancellous bone
C) epipysis
D) diaphysis
E) articular cartilage
(no image)

A

e

49
Q

What does structure “C” represent on the bone diagram?
A) epiphyseal lines
B) cancellous bone
C) articular cartilage
D) epiphsis
E) diaphysis
(no image)

A

a

50
Q

Osteoporosis is
A) a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone
B) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium
C) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection
D) a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.
E) none of the above

A

a

51
Q

Calcitonin
A) decreases osteochondral progenitor cell activity.
B) is associated with decreased osteoclast activity.
C) decreases osteoblast activiy
D) decreases osteocyte activity.
E) has no effect on bone cells.

A

b

52
Q

Ligaments attach
A) bone to bone.
B) nerve to bone.
C) nerve to muscle.
D) muscle to muscle.
E) muscle to bone.

A

a

53
Q

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is (most bones develop from this type.)
A) elastic cartilage.
B) fibrocartilage.
C) interstitial cartilage.
D) hyaline cartilage.
E) osteocartilage.

A

d

54
Q

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?
A) osteoclasts
B) osteochondral progenitor cell
C) osteocytes
D) osteoblasts

A

c

55
Q

Which type of bone is considered dense bone?
A) compact bone
B) spongy bone
C) both spongy and compact

A

a

56
Q

What type of tissue covers the ends of long bones?
A) articular cartilage
B) periosteum
C) cancellous bone
D) fibrocartilage
E) elsatic cartilage

A

a

57
Q

The spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called
A) fontanels
B) medullary cavities
C) articular cartilages
D) bone collars
E) epiphyseal plates

A

a

58
Q

The radiologist informs Mathew that his fracture has not penetrated the skin, meaning Mathew has a(n)
A) composite fracture
B) irregular fracture
C) closed fracture
D) complicated fracture
E) open fracture

A

c

A&P 1 (8 decks)

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