Study Guide Questions for Exam #2 Flashcards
What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?
1) Inflammation of the thyroid gland
2) Lethargy
3) Apathy
4) Memory impairment
5) Emotional changes
6) Slow speech
7) Deep, coarse voice
8) Edema of the eyelids and face
9) Dry skin
10) Slow pulse
11) Constipation
12) Weight gain
13) Abnormal mesnes
What are the therapeutic effects of liothyronine?
- It is indicated for use as a replacement or supplemental treatment for hypothyroidism of any etiology.
-Myxedema, thyroiditis, goiter, cretinism
What are some nursing interventions for hyperthyroidism?
It can be treated with PTU (Polylithouracil) or Methimazaole; PO medication
-Record vital signs
-Monitor PT weight
-LABS, pregnancy test
-Administer iodine preparations for tachycardia as prescribed
-Prepare radioactive iodine therapy
What are some patient educations for Beta Blocker therapy ex. propranolol?
By blocking beta receptors, propranolol can control cardiac symptoms that result from hyperthyroidism, such as palpations and tachycardia
- Do not crush or chew extended release tabs
- Take the drug at the same time each day in relation to meals
- Instruct patients that certain food can interfere with absorption of thyroid hormones; soy products [estrogen], cruciferous vegetables [broccoli and cabbage], iodized salt, shellfish [iodine], and coffee
What is the patient education on self-administration of insulin?
-Insulin injections should be rotated to prevent lipodystrophy, tissue atrophy, or hypertrophy.
-Doses should not be withheld during illness, including infections and stress
-It should be administered SUBCUT, at 45-90 degree angle; The 90 degree angle is made by raising the skin and fatty tissue, and the insulin is injected into the pocket between the fat and the muscle.
What insulin can be given IV?
Regular insulin
What may St.John’s wort alert and affect when taking tolbutamide?
It may alter metabolism of repaglinide and affect the blood glucose level when taken with tolbutamide
What are the sulfonylurea (Glipizide) adverse effects ?
1) Hypoglycemia
2) Hyponatremia
3) Dyspnea
4) Angioedema
5) Porphyria
6) GI bleeding
What are the rights of admin?
1) Right dose
2) Right medication
3) Right patient
4) Right time
5) Right route/form
6) Right documentation
What are the phases of the nursing process?
ADPIE or ADOPIE
1) Assessment
2) Diagnosis
3) Planning
4) Implementation
5) Evaluate
(O is for outcome identification, it goes before planning)
What does bioequivalent mean?
Equal in the rate and extent to which the active pharmaceutical ingredient becomes available at the site of drug action
** If two products are bioequivalent than for all intents and purposes they are the same **
What does synergistic mean?
Describes the effects of two drugs when the effect of the two is greater together than when given alone
What are the routes of med admin?
1) Parenteral
-SubCut
-IV, IVP, IVPB
-IM
ID
2) Rectal
3) Vaginal
4) Inhaled
5) Oral (PO)
6) Sublingual/ Bucca
7) Topical
What medications does Gingko interacts with to increase bleeding?
Gingko biloba can increased bleeding with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs
EX: heparin, warfarin, ticlopidine, dipramidole, clopidogrel, aspirin
What happens to a medication when it is protein-bound, but the patient has a low albumin level?
If a specific drug is protein bound and the
patient has low albumin levels there will be
a decrease in binding sites. This will increase the amount of free drug in the blood potentially causing drug accumulation and toxicity
What is the patient education for St.John’s wort?
St.John’s wort induces the metabolism of
certain drugs so it may
render them
ineffective if doses are not raised. It can cause
Serotonin Syndrome when combined with
antidepressants, amphetamine, and cocaine.
What is the patient education for Gingko biloba?
Gingko biloba can cause increased bleeding and should not be taken with anticoagulant drugs.
- It can interact with medications that lower
seizure threshold in PTs taking antihistamines, antidepressants, and antipsychotics
