Endocrine System Flashcards
What is the patient education for Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH therapy)?
1) It can increase electrolyte loss
2) A patient taking estrogen can have an abnormal decreased response to the ACTH stimulation test
What does the Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulate?
It stimulates the adrenal glands
- Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and epinephrine, norepinephrine
What are some side effects of Adrenocorticotropic hormone?
Bradycardia, hypertension, sinus tachycardia, and peripheral edema
- PTs with diabetes need increased insulin due to cortisol causing higher blood glucose levels
What is the action of Levothyroxine in PTs with hypothyroidism?
It increases metabolic rate, oxygen consumption, utilization and, mobilization of glycogen stores; promotes gluconeogenesis and body growth; stimulates protein synthesis
What is Levothyroxine used for?
It is the drug of choice for replacement therapy for the treatment of primary hypothyroidism
What are the side effects of Levothyroxine?
1) tachycardia
2) hypertension
3) palpations
4) nervousness
5) osteoporosis
6) thyroid crisis
7) cardiovascular collapse
What is a goiter?
A goiter may be an overall enlargement of the thyroid, or it may be the result of irregular cell growth that forms one or more lumps (nodules)
What are the types of patient’s that are able to be treated with Propylthiouracil (PTU)?
PTs with HYPERthyroidism (Graves’ disease) that are intolerant of methimazole, and unable to receive surgery OR radioiodine therapy
-Inhibits T4 and T3
What is the indication for Calcitriol?
Calcitriol is used to treat and prevent low levels of calcium and bone disease in patients whose kidneys or parathyroid glands (glands in the neck that release natural substances to control the amount of calcium in the blood) are not working normally.
(PARATHYROID DISEASES)
What are the nursing interventions for Addison’s Disease? (HYPOsecretion)
1) Weight monitoring
2) Monitoring serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and calcium)
3) Monitor Heart rate
4) Monitor Blood pressure
5) Monitor Blood sugar
- Because of the influences of steroids on electrolytes and on carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, hypocortisolism can result in serious illness or death
What are the clinical manifestations of Cushing Syndrome?
1) Moon face
2) Buffalo hump
3) Hyperglycemia
4) Trunk (protruding abdomen)
5) Striae
6) Puffy eyelids
7) Hypertension
8) Edema
What is the administration and action of Glargine (Insulin)?
1)It is LONG acting
2)Onset of 1 to 1.5 hours
3) It is SUBCUT
4) It is administered once daily at bedtime (HS)
5) It is distributed over a 24 hour of action
What is the sliding scale for administration of Lispro Insulin?
- It may be administered in adjusted doses that depend on individual blood glucose test results
1) It is rapid
2) Onset of 15-30 mins
3) Peak: 30-90 mins
4) Duration: 3-5 hours
What is Glipizide used for?
To control hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
-Stimulates beta cells in the pancreas to secrete insulin
(IT IS AN ORAL MEDICATION; PO)
What are the side effects of Glipizide?
1) Drowsiness
2) Dizziness
3) Headache
4) Constipation
5) Vomiting
6) Confusion
7) Blurred vision
8) Anxiety
