Exam # 3 Study Guide Flashcards
What are the Antihistamines that don’t cause drowsiness?
Fexofenadine
What is the patient education after using an inhaler?
Because of drug inhalation, mouth dryness and throat irritation could result
What is the Nursing responsibilities when administering Digoxin (Lanoxin)?
It has a narrow therapeutic index which means it requires close monitoring to ensure patient safety.
Avoid taking Danshen and Chan Su because it is know to interfere with tests to determine digoxin levels
What are the common side effects of Flonase (Fluticasone)?
Nasal irritation, epistaxis
What is the indication for use for (a leukotriene antagonist)?
Reduces inflammatory component of asthma (asthma prophylaxis)
- Prevents airway edema and inflammation by blocking leukotriene receptors in airways
What is the patient education for a leukotriene antagonist?
Watch for headaches, nausea, and diarrhea
-Advise patients not to use leukotriene modifiers during acute asthma attack
A patient is receiving an expectorant. What symptom indicates to the nurse that the drug is exerting its therapeutic effect?
A. Bronchodilation.
B. Decreased coughing.
C. Loosening of bronchial secretions.
D. Relief of nasal congestion.
C. loosening of bronchial secretions.
The nurse is teaching an older adult patient about guaifenesin. Which information is appropriate to include in this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Take the drug with a glass of water.
B. Read labels on over-the-counter drugs and check with health care provider before taking cold remedies.
C. Take the drug at bedtime.
D. Advise patient to contact health care provider if cough persists more than 2 days.
ANS: A,B
A. Take the drug with a glass of water.
B. Read labels on over-the-counter drugs and check with health care provider before taking cold remedies.
A patient has been diagnosed with the common cold. Which drug should the nurse question if it is ordered to treat this patient?
A. Antihistamines
B. Antitussives
C. Expectorants
D. Antibiotics
D. Antibiotics
Which medication is a first-generation antihistamine?
A. Cetirizine
B. Fexofenadine
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Loratadine
C. Diphenhydramine
When teaching a patient about use of nasal decongestant sprays, the nurse informs the patient that they are most effective and less likely to lead to rebound congestion when administered for how many days?
A. 3 days
B. 10 days
C. 14 days
D. 20 days
A. 3 days
Which of the following history is most important for the nurse to assess before administering diphenhydramine?
A. Allergy to penicillin.
B. Hypertension.
C. Diabetes mellitus type 2.
D. Closed-angle glaucoma.
D. Closed-angle glaucoma.
Which statement about benzonatate does the nurse identify as being true?
A. It is an opioid antitussive.
B. It suppresses the cough center of the medulla.
C. It suppresses respirations.
D. It causes physical dependence.
B. It suppresses the cough center of the medulla.
A patient has just received a nebulizer treatment of metaproterenol. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for the development of which side effect/adverse effect?
A. Tremors
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Constipation
A. Tremors
Which of the following is best to teach a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease about the use of the medication, albuterol?
A. Mobilizes respiratory secretions
B. Decreases the cough response
C. Increases the work of breathing
D. Dilates the bronchioles long-term
D. Dilates the bronchioles long-term
Which of the following should the nurse teach regarding the use of cromolyn in the treatment of asthma?
A. Assist in opening narrowed airways
B. Suppress the release of histamine and other mediators from the mast cells
C. Loosen mucus from the airways
D. Prevent serious complications from bacterial infections
B. Suppress the release of histamine and other mediators from the mast cells
A patient is using a glucocorticoid inhaler. The patient asks the nurse why he has to rinse his mouth out after using the glucocorticoid inhaler. Which of the following is the best response from the nurse?
A. Avoid mucous membrane breakdown
B. Increase hydration of the oral mucosa
C. Decrease risk of infection
D. Slow the development of cavities
C. Decrease risk of infection
A home care nurse is visiting a patient with asthma who suddenly experiences an acute asthma attack. Which drug should the nurse prepare to administer?
A. Zafirlukast
B. Cromolyn
C. Metaproterenol
D. Zileuton
C. Metaproterenol
A patient with chronic bronchitis is admitted to the health care facility for treatment of a bacterial respiratory infection. Which antimicrobial will most likely be ordered for the patient?
A. Seldane
B. Amphotericin B
C. Acyclovir
D. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
D. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
What is the indication of use for Lidocaine infusion?
Lidocaine is a common local anaesthetic that can be delivered by intravenous (IV) infusion to relieve chronic pain. It has also proven to be useful in the treatment of certain types of headaches.
Changing Injectable anticoagulant to oral anticoagulant?
-May need to monitor the value more frequently the electrolytes??
-Continue injecting the other medication
-Monitor for toxicity
-Monitor for nose bleeding, bruising, abnormal bleeding
-Teach PT to monitor toxicity, what they call PCP if they see blood in urine or feces
-DONT combine antiplatelet medication
-Encourage to not smoke & DONT mix protein binding medication (Take separately)
What are the adverse effects for Lipitor (Atorvastatin)?
H/A, Fatigue, Muscle or Joint pains, Heartburn, Severe myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis–RARE but possible
What is the adverse effects of antihypertensive in geriatric patients?
Orthostatic hypotension!!
-Instruct the older adult to modify their lifestyle and activities
-Restrict dietary sodium to 2400 mg daily, avoiding tobacco, modifying diet, exercising, and decreasing stress
What is the best anti hypertensives for African American patients?
-Hydrochlorothiazide
-Most effective is alpha 1 blockers and calcium channel blocker (calcium blockers)
What adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs in male patients?
Both systolic and diastolic hypertension are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
What are the side effects of Ace Inhibitors?
Primary Side Effect: constant, irritated cough.
Other side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, serum potassium excess (hyperkalemia), and tachycardia
- Ends with -pril
-It inhibits the formation of angiotensin II (vasoconstrictor) and blocks the release of aldosterone
-African Americans and Older Adults DO NOT respond to ACE inhibitors
What is the best treatment for increased intracranial pressure & cerebral edema?
Medical management of increased ICP should include sedation, drainage of CSF, and osmotherapy with either mannitol or hypertonic saline.
-It is an osmotic diuretic
What is the nursing education and management of a patient on Beta Blocker?
-Monitor vital signs, especially BP and pulse
-Monitor lab results, especially BUN, serum creatinine, AST, and LDH
-Encourage PTs to comply with drug regimen
- Inform PTs that herbs can interfere with beta blockers
-Advise PTs to avoid over-the-counter (OTC) drugs without first checking with a health care provider
The patient on thiazide diuretic, what electrolyte should be monitored?
They should monitor their potassium levels (hypokalemia)
What are the undesirable effects of thrombolytic therapy?
Internal bleeding, bleeding, history of stroke or head injury within the past 3 months, recent trauma within 14 days, uncontrolled hypertension, arterio-venous malformation
What are the undesirable effects of nasal decongestants?
Rebound congestion when used intranasal for longer than 5 days
- Minor stinging and dryness in nasal mucosa may be experienced
