Study frågor 8 Humanistic Flashcards
The focus and direction of psychology expanded with the introduction of the humanistic existential perspective.
Explain how this branch differed from the other theories that were used to explain human personality
this perspective is mostly focused on the meaning of human existences.
They mean that the world changes when peoples ides of the world changes.
They see humans as responsible for there own free will.
Humnististic approach emphasizes the personal worth of a human and human values,
Maslow explained the motivation for reaching different levels in his hierarchy as D- needs (Deficiency needs) and B-values (being values).
Explain the distinction between the two.
D needs are needs based on maintenance of the person, needs for survival like food, sex, water, love, esteem, safety, belongingness.
You work to eliminate the defiance (D) so the drive gets reduced, you do that to maintain the D needs such as water sex, food and so on so you can be satisfied. When you are satisfied you will most likely pursuit the B values
they are values based on growth. These B values are the need to experience our life and to find meaning and purpose, the b valuse help our personal growth
Is the concept of ‘peak experience’ same as the concept of a ‘self-actualized person’? If not, explain the difference.
Its not the same.
Self actualized person: a inner process where the individual grows spiritually and realise there own potential
Peak experience: is a experience that happens when everything falls into place. You become one with the world
The concept of phenomenology is a cornerstone of Rogers’ understanding of personality. Explain how it has been used by Rogers to get a deeper understanding of personality
Rogers states that experience and the individuals awareness of this experiences is the most important aspect for understanding personality.
Explain the method and goal of Rogerian therapy.
the therapy is client oriented ,
the therapist is only a helping hand and it’s the client that understands best where the problems are.And what directions the therapy should go.
The goal is that the client will drop their masks and become more open and self trusting.
And with that can accomplish growth and change.
Describe the concept of anxiety and guilt as explained by Rollo May
Rollo may saw anxiety as something that appears when the person feels that something they value which is essential to their existence is threatened.
the only way to have no anxiety is to have no freedom.
Guilt occurs when people deny their potentialities, fail to perceive the needs of others or are unaware of their dependency on the world.
According to Erich Fromm, loneliness is the curse of modern society.
Discuss Fromm’s
understanding of the cause, the manifestation and result of loneliness as well as means to overcome it.
The cause is that we are alienated from nature, society and ourselves
And that we can feel that something is missing, we search for happiness and think that having fun will feel the feelings of what’s missing but the only way to overcome this is to live actively in the now.
if we dont fight this isolation and try to help others in a loving way it can have the revers affect and we might feel the need to flee the burden of freedom and give it up.
Explain how the existential- humanistic philosophy can be used in coping with life threatening illnesses
There is something called logotherapy which is the search for meaning of existence. That has help people come together and have intimate discussions and this makes them feel a inner triumph.
