Study frågor 6 psychoanalytic Flashcards
According to Freud, a large part of personality is unconscious. Yet we operate in the conscious world. Use Freud’s model of the structure of personality to explain how this is possible.
Call structure of mind.
3 levels of you, the ID the EGO and the SUPEREGO
Det medvetna är på toppen där de mentala processerna vi är medvetna om sker, ex. du känner dig törstig.
Det preconscious innehåller tankar och känslor som en person har som det inte är medveten om men som lätt man tar upp till det medvetna. Ex. minnen, lagrad kunskap, rädslor, ex. du tror inte att du kan ditt telefonnummer men när dem ber dig säga det högt så kan du det.
I botten av isberget så har vi den omedvetna, det är inget vi är medveten om men det influerar våra värderingar, känslor och beteende. Enligt Freud är detta det viktigaste . här finns våra egoistiska motiv, aggression och icke socialt accepterade önskningar
ID
The id operates according to the pleasure principal it strives to satisfy your desire and the inner tension. It acts on instinct.
EGO
The ego operates according to reality principal its job is to solve the problem that has come up in a social acceptable way. The ego is always trying to keep the ID in check but sometimes the id slips out
SUPEREGO
The superego is ethically and morally driven so we wont be so self-centred and can think of others.
Explain the concept of anxiety as described by Freud and the elaborate the role of defense mechanisms in dealing with anxiety
Sometimes pressure from the environment and inner urges like conflicts with other people or something that threatens our self-esteem like embarrassment or guilt, when that happens we tend to develop anxiety.
So when anxiety accuses we must protect the ego, we do this by using deafens mechanisms that destroys the reality that is threatening the ego and causes anxiety
objective anxiety
results from a real threat in the physical world to one’s well-being, as when a ferocious-looking dog appears from around the corner.
Neurotic anxiety
results from the ego feeling overwhelmed by the id, which threatens to express its irrationality in thoughts and behavior.
There is a fear of external punishment for such expression.
Moral anxiety
is based on a feeling that one’s internalized values are about to be compromised.
There is a fear of self-punishment (e.g., guilt) for acting contrary to one’s values.
Moral anxiety is a function of the development of the superego. Whatever the anxiety, the ego seeks to reduce it.
Operating at the unconscious level, it employs defense mechanisms to distort or deny reality.
Explain why, despite lack of scientific support, Freud’s theory is considered a turning point in our understanding of personality.
o Freud is the first one that brought the possibility of a unconscious part in personality and that experiences and situations in your childhood can have a affect on personality.
Differentiate between the concepts of personal unconscious and collective unconscious as explained by Jung.
personal unconsciousness : Contain thoughts and feelings that are not currently a part of the conscious awareness.
Collective unconsciousness: A deeper level of unconsciousness with powerful universal emotional symbols called archetypes.
its like dejavu, you feel like its familiar but you have never experience it before. It’s a deeper level of unconsciousness and its made up of something called archetypes which just means that there are emotional symbols that are common to all people
Explain the concept of an ‘archetype’ and describe how it can be helpful in understanding personality
Archetypes have evolutionary basis, its like the body has developed throughout the years, the psyche/ mind has gone through the same process.
Alfred Adler and Karen Horney both built their theories on the concept that children are helpless. Explain how they elaborated on different consequences of the same phenomenon
Adler : states that we are born with feeling inferior and to compensate our feelings of inferiority we can develop a fabricated feeling of superiority.
So you over compensate what you think you lack.
Karen: Karin believed that because children are powerless they repress feelings of anger and hostility. So the child develops basic anxiety which is the fear if being alone helpless and insecure so they strive to please the powerful adults instead of getting angry and hostile
What are Karen Horneys different reaction to this basic anxiety?
passive style is when the child pleases the parent.
Aggressive style is when the child fights to get by.
withdrawn style is when the child doesn’t engage emotionally to get by.
What is the most important focus in object relations theory
Object relations focus on the importance of relations with other individuals in defining personality.
the Essenes of a person cannot be known until you understand the persons relationships with significant others.
Describe Erikson’s lifespan approach and how it differs from Freud’s basic assumptions.
Erikson lifespan approach is influenced by freuds but the differences is that the lifespan stages continues in to adulthood but also that Erikson emphasized the roll of culture and society in his lifespan theory
