Study Aid Worksheet over Host/Microbe Interaction and Disease Processes

Question 1

Host surface cell component that binds directly to the surface of a microorganism:___________

Answer 1

Receptors

Question 2

Relationship that describes an interaction between different organisms that live in close association with each other:_________________________

Answer 2

Symbiosis

Question 3

True or False: An individual can be infected but not diseased._______________

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A microorganism that grows on the certain surfaces (internal and external) of the human body without producing harmful effects:____________________

Answer 4

Normal Flora

Question 5

The ability to cause bodily injury by a pathogen is termed:________________________

Answer 5

Virulence

Question 6

Projections from the surface of a microorganism that bind to a specific site on the host cell are called:____________________________

Answer 6

Ligands

Question 7

Normal flora that can cause disease under certain circumstances are_____________________

Answer 7

Opportunists

Question 8

____________________ infections are acquired in a clinical setting.

Answer 8

Nosocomial

Question 9

A world-wide epidemic:__________________

Answer 9

Pandemic

Question 10

A ______________ infection is contained to the wound site without spreading.

Answer 10

Local

Question 11

Symptoms for a ___________________ disease may last for weeks, months, years, or for the life of the individual after the disease is contracted.

Answer 11

Chronic

Question 12

The minimum number of bacteria that causes a disease is the ______________________

Answer 12

Infectious dose

Question 13

Periodic cases of disease that occur in low levels in a population over time:______________________

Answer 13

Endemic level

Question 14

Hollow protein tubes that allow for transfer of DNA between bacteria cells and can serve as an adhesion or ligand for the bacteria cell:__________________

Answer 14

Pili

Question 15

__________________is an inanimate object that can serve as a vehicle of transmission of disease.

Answer 15

Formite

Question 16

A gel-like structure on the external surface of the bacteria that protects against phagocytosis: _____________

Answer 16

Capsule

Question 17

Protective enzyme common to skin, mucosal membrane surface, saliva, and tears:_____________________

Answer 17

Lysozyme

Question 18

Place an X in the following chart if the property applies to endotoxins and/or exotoxins.

Property Endotoxins Exotoxins

A virulence factor

Can be denatured

Located in the cell wall

Heat sensitive

Can injure the host

Answer 18

Property Endotoxins Exotoxins

A virulence factor X X

Can be denatured X

Located in the cell wall X

Heat sensitive X

Can injure the host X X

Question 19

Complete the following chart over the 3 types of symbiotic relationships between microorganisms and the human body. Place a + sign if the effect of the interaction is positive for the microorganism or human, place a - sign if the interaction is negative, place a 0 if interaction is neutral and give one example of each type of interaction.

Interaction Microorganism Human Example

Commensalism

Mutualism

Parasitism

Answer 19

Interaction Microorganism Human Example

Commensalism + O Staph on skin

Mutualism + + E.coli in colon

Parasitism + - All human Pathogens