Stuarts - Chapter 4: Religious Divisions Flashcards
Name 4 differences between Catholicism & Protestantism (multiple answers)
eg.
Salvation: Catholics buy indulgences but Protestant repent to God
Bible: For Catholics it’s written in Latin but for Protestants in written in the vernacular
Churches: Catholic-lavish, Protestant-Bare
Hierarchy: Catholics believe only Priests talk directly to God but Protestants believe everyone who believes can
What legislation was there against Catholics in James’ early reign?
Recusancy fines(1603) - fines for people who don’t attend compulsory church of england service on Sunday (also against Puritans), legislation against Jesuits(aggressive Catholic order to convert Protestants)(1604)
When was the Gunpowder Plot?
5 Nov 1605
What was the first challenge James had from the Puritans in his reign?
(1603) He was given the Millenary Petition, calling for more Protestant changes to the Church of England
How did James respond to the Millenary Petition and what does that say about him as a King?
He set up the Hampton Court Conference in 1604 as to have an open discussion with the Puritans, this shows he is a pragmatic leader who is willing to negotiate
What was a consequence of the Hampton Court Conference (1604) and why did James think it needed changing?
The King James Bible started development and was published (1611), this was bc James disliked the Geneva Bible as in the ‘marginalia’ it made comments the undermined his Divine Right
What were the Bancroft’s Canons (1604)?
Church laws that upheld certain church practices (some were condemned in Millenary Petition) that when Bancroft became Archbishop of Canterbury he enforced strongly, meaning Puritans would be persecuted and would expel clergy if they did not follow them
Why did people think James supported Arminianism during his reign?
He allowed William Laud (Arminian cleric) to have a greater presence in debates in court, he also didn’t censor Montagu’s book ‘A new gag for an old goose (1624)’ which supported the Catholic church and Arminianism
How did Charles I’s marriage to Henrietta Maria (1625) cause religious tensions in the country to grow?
Henrietta Maria is a French Catholic and as there was strong anti-catholic atmosphere in Britain this caused tension as people thought she was influencing Charles towards Catholicism and absolutism
Why did the York House Conference (1626) cause religious tensions and what was it?
It was a theological debate held by the Earl of Warwick (Puritan) focusing on Montagu’s Arminian works, where Buckingham decided to support the anti-calvinist cleric, Laud, this showed his support for Arminianism and by extension the King’s because as his favourite he needed to keep a good political relationship.
As Charles didn’t attend it showed he had no interest in changing views on religion.
How did Charles show support for Arminianism through Laud and Montagu? (multiple answers)
In 1625, Montagu publishes a new book with anti-Calvinist ideas that anger Protestant and Charles does not censor his book and makes him his royal chaplain, despite Parliament’s attacks on him
Laud was religious advisor to Charles and peformed the opening sermons for 1625 & 6 Parliament.
Later in 1628, Charles recommended both Laud and Montagu for high positions in the church of England showing his clear Arminian support
