Chapter 9: Political Divisions The Long Parliament, Pym & The Outbreak Of The Civil War

Question 1

When was the Long Parliament?

Answer 1

Nov 1640 - 60

Question 2

How did Bedford’s financial settlement allow Charles to alienate Parliament further?

Answer 2

• included abolishing certain financial aspects of Personal Rule
• would have bridged gap with P
• Charles unwilling to negotiate so alienated P

Question 3

What were Parliament’s criticisms of Wentworth? Were all of them valid?

Answer 3

• loyal to C (not necessarily valid)
• as main advisor he should have sorted bankruptcy
• supported war with scotland
• safer to blame ‘evil councillor’ with King

Question 4

When was Wentworth impeached?

Answer 4

• 1640

- trial in March 1641

Question 5

Explain the events of Wentworth’s trial in March 1641

Answer 5

• Wentworth removed through Bill of Attainder (remove threat to P without trial) as he had a very skilled defence
• Charles increased tension by telling officers to return to North (seen as attack on P)
• only half of MPs vote for bill
• executed May 1641

Question 6

What was the London Crowd? What does it show about how the people felt about government?

Answer 6

• Londoners involved in politics and support P

- large support for P in London

Question 7

What was the Root and Branch Petition (1640) and why was it significant?

Answer 7

• demanded end of bishops, episcopacy & Puritanism
• signed by 15k Londoners
• exclusion bill written and rejected in 1641

Question 8

What was the Triennial Act?

Answer 8

• abolish ship money granted without P consent & C must call P every 3 years

Question 9

When was the Triennial Act?

Answer 9

• Feb 1641

Question 10

What is the militia bill (Feb 1642)? What is the militia ordinance (Mar 1642)?

Answer 10

• Militia Bill: meant to give P power to appoint commanders & remove King’s power over trained bands (local militia) + P control over army against Irish
• Militia Ordinance: P can appoint Lord Lietenants

Question 11

What is the Ten Propositions (June 1641)? Why is it significant?

Answer 11

• concessions Charles needed to make eg. control of Privy Council and religious education of royal children
• confirmed P’s radicalism

Question 12

What is the Army Plot & Protestation Oath?

Answer 12

• Army Plot: royalist plot rumours to convince MPs there was a significant royal threat so pass bill that P must consent to being dissolved
• Protestation Oath: reflects belief that absolutism & catholicism are linked, everyone over 18 vows allegiances to Charles & CoE

Question 13

What is the Grand remonstrance (Nov 1641) and why is it significant?

Answer 13

• list of criticisms by Pym showing why King can’t be trusted with Army for Irish Rebellion that was passed (by a narrow amount) in Dec 1641
• very radical due to prerogative of King
• caused divisions between royalists and Parliamentarians

Question 14

Explain the Five Members Coup

Answer 14

• C announces impeachment of Pym, Hampden, Motagu etc. but failed to arrest them
• Fuel for Puritan hatred of C

Question 15

Explain the Incident in Oct 1641

Answer 15

• Charles is in Scotland, royalists plot to kidnap radical Scottish Covenanters
• destroyed Charles’ hopes of gaining support from Scotland

Question 16

What did Charles pass in relation to Scotland

Answer 16

• Charles abolishing episcopacy in S and remove Scottish Army from England

Question 17

When did Charles declare war on Parliament?

Answer 17

• 22 Aug 1642

Question 18

What are the 19 propositions? What was the state of england at the time?

Answer 18

• continuation of 10 propositions but demands for P power

- growing riots, iconoclasm