stuart smith lectures Flashcards
spaulding classification
classifies objects depending on their risk factor snd identifies their required cleaning process
spaulding classification critical items
equipment that has penetrated soft tissues, contacted bone or entered blood stream
e.g forceps, scalpels
requires cleaning and sterilisation
spaulding classification semi critical items
comes into contact with non intact skin or mucous membranes
e.g dental mirror
requires cleaning and high level disinfection
spaulding classification non critical items
only in contact with intact skin or mucous membranes
e.g light handle, chair
requires cleaning and low level disinfection
what is the 9 stages in an instruments cycle from cleaning to use
cleaning - disinfection - inspection - packaging - sterilisation - transport - storage - use - transport
repeat
what is the recommended method of cleaning instruments
using a automated washer - disinfector
removes biological matter from the surface e.g blood
Why shouldn’t water used for manual cleaning exceed 35 degrees
above 35 degrees proteins coagulate making them more difficult to remove
what PPE is required if carrying out manual cleaning
apron , visor , heavy duty rubber gloves, normal gloves
What are the 2 methods of manual cleaning
immersion - brush used to scrub instruments whilst they are immersed in water
non immersion - cloth used to clean instruments above surface of water
When would an ultrasonic bath be used during instrument cleaning and how does it work
used as a backup for washer disinfector
uses soundwaves to create bubbles which have scouring effect on instruments
drawbacks to ultrasonic bath when cleaning instruments
only cleans , doesn’t clean AND disinfect like washer - disinfector
contaminated water remains in chamber after removal from instrument so recontamination risk
what are 1st choice 2nd choice and 3rd choice cleaning methods
1st choice is always washer disinfector - this is a legal requirement to do this as first step of decontamination
If inspection fails and instrument still contaminated
1st backup = ultrasonic bath then washer disinfector
if still contaminated
2nd backup = manual washing then washer disinfector
drawbacks to manual cleaning
room for human error
labour intensive
what type of water should be used for steam sterilisation
purified water - distilled/ deionised etc
organics, minerals and microorganisms removed
what are the 3 types of steriliser
type N - basic
Type B - most robust , vaccum capable
type S - specialised
Why does a type N steriliser carry more of a contamination risk than Type B and Type S sterilisers
It cant process wrapped instruments therefore when steriliser door opened before instruments bagged there is a risk of contamination
what temperature should dental sterilisers run at and for how long
134-137 degrees for at least 3 mins
what are 2 daily checks that should be carried out on a steriliser
door seal , any remaining debris in chamber, water level
what is the Sinner cycle and what are the 4 elements involved
describes the 4 basic factors that contribute to succesful cleaning
time
energy
chemicals
temperature
what is the purpose of detergent molecules having hydrophillic and hydrophobic ends
hydrophobic draws decontamination off instruments and hydrophillic ensures that decontamination is washed away with water
what temperature and time should be used for thermal disinfection
90-95 degrees for at least 1 min
discuss the sinner cycle elements for manual washing
time - dependent on operator
chemicals - pH neutral detergent
Temperature - less than 35 degrees
energy - scrubbing with brush
(tap water)
discuss the sinner cycle elements for ultrasonic bath
time - 20 mins *
chemicals - pH neutral detergent
Temperature - less than 35 degrees C
energy - cavitation bubbles
(tap water)
discuss the sinner cycle elements for washer - disinfector
time - 55 mins *
chemicals - low alkaline or high alkaline p H detergent
temperature - less than 65 degrees C
energy - water jets
(cleaning stages can use tap water)
discuss the sinner cycle elements for thermal disinfection
time - at least 1 min
chemicals - no chemicals
temp - 90 - 95 degrees C
energy - water jets
(water less than 30ms conducitvity)
discuss the sinner cycle elements for steam sterilisation
time - at least 3 mins
chemicals - no chemicals
temp - 134 -137 degrees C
energy - steam
(purified water)
whats included within the scottish health technical memorandum
testing requirements for decontamination equipment
contains role designations and descriptions and process definitions and descriptions
how frequently do sterilisers need to be professionally checked
annually
