SCD 1

Question 1

what age in scotland do you have to be to legally make decisions for yourself

Answer 1

16

Question 2

what act provides a framework for safeguarding welfare and managing finances of adults with incapacity

Answer 2

adults with incapacity (scotland) act 2000
part 5 of act covers medical and dental

Question 3

what 5 things could make a person considered to have incapacity

Answer 3

AMCUR
being incapable of …
- acting
- making a decision
- communicating decision
- understanding decision
- retaining memory of decision

Question 4

if making a decision on behalf of another person what 5 principles of the adults with incapacity act must be followed

Answer 4

decision must..
- benefit the pt
- involve the minimum amount of intervention necessary
- take account the adults wishes (past and present)
- be consulted with relevant others e.g familt
- encourage adult to exercise residual capacity

Question 5

proxy

Answer 5

suitable substitute adult decision maker for someone without capacity

Question 6

power of attorney

Answer 6

granted whilst a pt has capacity for someone to act on their behalf should the need arise
can be continuing (financial) POA , welfare POA or combined POA
welfare and combined can consent to dental tx

Question 7

guardianship order

Answer 7

court appointed person to make decisions on behalf of an adult with incapacity
usually appointed for 3 years at a time
can be financial or welfare

Question 8

what must be issued before treating an. adult with incapacity

Answer 8

certificate of incapacity
medical practitioners and dentists/nurses with extra training can issue these

Question 9

what are the 2 types of oral fluoride reservoir

Answer 9

mineral deposits
biologically/ bacteria bound calcium fluoride

Question 10

community water fluoridation

Answer 10

adjusting natural fluoride content in water to supply to achieve optimum caries prevention whilst minimising fluorosis risk
typically adjusted to 0.5-1.2 ppm fluoride using something like sodium silicofluoride

Question 11

what is meant by prevalence and equation to work it out

Answer 11

number of cases in a population at a given point in time
number of cases /total number in population = prevalence percentage

Question 12

what is meant by incidence and what is the equation to work it out

Answer 12

number of new cases developing over a specific period of time in a defined population
incidence rate = number of new cases over period/number of individuals at risk

Question 13

name 3 different consulting styles

Answer 13

directing - delivery of advice from expert , dominant in healthcare
following - utilises listening, common in situations where sensitivity involved
guiding - complex involving pt and clinician working together to identify and achieve goals

Question 14

why is fluoride good for teeth

Answer 14

• fluoride in fluid at plaque/tooth interface promotes remineralisation
• fluoro apatite formed is less susceptible to demineralisation
• fluoride is most effective on early carious lesions

Question 15

acidulated fluoridated mouthwash

Answer 15

low pH stimulates demineralisation of tooth but presence of fluoride promotes remineralisation and allows fluoro apatite to be formed within tooth

Question 16

other options for community fluoride delivery other than water fluoridation

Answer 16

fluoridated salt,
fluoridated milk,
fluoridated mouthwash

Question 17

impairment

Answer 17

impairment - any loss/abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure at an organ or system level

Question 18

what is the purpose of the equality act 2010

Answer 18

legally protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society
(includes dental practices)

Question 19

what are the 9 protected characteristics mentioned in the 2010 equality act

Answer 19

race, religion, disability, age, pregnancy, gender reassignment, sex, sexual orientation, marriage status

Question 20

what concentration is duraphat fluoride varnish

Answer 20

22600 ppm
should be applied 2-4 times per year

Question 21

what is the toxic dose of fluoride

Answer 21

estimated at 5-8mg per kg of body weight

Question 22

what age of children are at greatest risk of developing flurosis

Answer 22

children under 3

flurosis caused by systemic ingestion of fluoride, caries benefit from topical application

Question 23

disability

Answer 23

disability - activity restricted by impairment - inability/restricted ability to perform and activity due to the impairment

impairment leads to disability which leads to handicap

Question 24

handicap

Answer 24

think handicapped
makes ordinary activities more difficult than they are for other people due to disability

impairment leads to disability which leads to handicap