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Sport Btec Level 3 > Structure Of The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Structure Of The Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of the body eg. Skeletal, muscular or cardiovascular systems

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how the body responds to exercise

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3
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Light and porous bone material that has a honeycomb or spongy appearance

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4
Q

Anterior

A

In front

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5
Q

Posterior

A

To the back

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6
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

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7
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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8
Q

Proximal

A

Near the origin

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9
Q

Distal

A

Away from the origin

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10
Q

Superior

A

Above

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11
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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12
Q

Long bone

A

Found in limbs, shaft known as diaphysis and 2 expanded ends known as epiphysis.
Eg. Femur, tibia, humerus

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13
Q

Short bone

A

Small and light, consist of cancellous bone surrounded by thin layer of compact bone. Good for fine movement.
Eg. Carpals, tarsals

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14
Q

Flat bone

A

Thin, flattened and slightly curved. Large SA for muscles to attach to. Good for protection.
Eg. Sternum, cranium, scapula

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15
Q

Irregular bone

A

Complex individual shapes.
Eg. Vertebrae

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16
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Specialised function provide smooth surface for tendon to slide over.
Eg. Patella

17
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Forms the main core of the skeletal system and is more rigid than the appendicular skeleton. It consists of the skull, the thoracic cage and the vertebral column.

18
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Comprises of the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle.

19
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

Smallest. Greatest range of movement.

20
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

Attachment for the ribs

21
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

Biggest and strongest. Weight bearing. Shock absorber.

22
Q

Sacrum

A

Transmit weight from body to pelvis and legs.

23
Q

Neutral spine

A

Good posture with the correct position of the 3 natural curves.

24
Q

Kyphosis

A

The excessive outward curve of the thoracic region of the spine causing a hunchback.

25
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal curvature of the spine to the left or right. Could affect breathing if ribs are more prominent on one side.

26
Q

Process of bone growth

A

Ossification is the process in which bones are formed.
Cells that remove unnecessary calcium are called osteoclasts.
Cells that bring the calcium to you bones are called osteoblasts.
The area between the epiphysis and diaphysis where growth occurs is the epiphyseal plate.
Once a long bone is fully formed, the end of each bone fuses with the diaphysis to create the epiphyseal line.

Sport Btec Level 3 (10 decks)

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