structure and properties of ionic compounds Flashcards
what are ionic compounds formed as a result of
solids as a result of ionic bonding
what is an ionic compound made up of
charged particles called ions
what do ionic compounds have
giant ionic crystal lattice with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions holding it together
define lattice
regular arrangement or spacing of ions atoms molecules within a crystal
give an example of an ionic compunds
sodium chloride
consists of huge ionic lattice of positive and negative ions packed together is a regular way
sodium and chloride atoms stacked together in an alternating pattern in lattice
what is the coordination number for sodium chloride
has coordination number of six meaning each sodium ion is touched by 6 chloride ions and in turn each chloride ion is touched by 6 sodium ions
high melting and boiling points
great deal of heat energy required to overcome the strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions holding ionic crystal lattice together
what does the strength of ionic bonds depend on
charge and ions
ions with higher charge tend to have stronger forces between them and thus higher melting points
conduction of electricity
can conduct electricity when molten or melted and when dissolved in water to form an aqueous solution
both processes allow ions to move from place to place to carry electric current
cannot conduct in solid state because ions held in fixed positions by strong electrostatic forces
what do ionic compounds tend to be
brittle because any small distortion of a crystal will bring ions with same charge alongside each other
like charges repel and so crystal splits itself apart
why is salt soluble in water (NaCl in H20)
similar charges so soluble in water
are ionic compounds soluble in water
partial negative ends of polar water molecules attract positive sodium ions while partial positive end attracts chloride ions
pulls apart lattice causing crystal to dissolve
what kind of solvent is waer
polar solvent - has both positive and negative charges
