solubility

Question 1

define solute

Answer 1

substance that dissolves in the solution
what you have less of

Question 2

define solvent

Answer 2

substance doing the dissolves
what you have more of

Question 3

define solubility

Answer 3

property that substances have of dissolving in solvents
how much of materials dissolves in water

Question 4

what is the universal solvent

Answer 4

water

Question 5

what is the formula used for solubility

Answer 5

mass of solute/ mass of solvent g x 100 at a stated temperatured

Question 6

define saturated solution

Answer 6

one which cannot dissolve any further solute and solute would be present at the bottom
contains maximum amount of dissolved solute

Question 7

define unsaturated solution

Answer 7

does not contain max amount of dissolved solution at that particular temperature
more solute can be dissolved and added until becomes saturated

Question 8

define supersaturated solution (5)

Answer 8

contains more than maximum dissolved solute more than required for saturation
unstable and will quickly shed excess dissolved solute on its own or by seeding to solution
excess dissolves eventually precipitate out

Question 9

how to supersaturate solution

Answer 9

heat is added to dissolve more solute
but when returns to room temperature excess will seep out and have no where to go so will remain and become supersaturated

Question 10

name two factors affecting solubility

Answer 10

temperature
solvent and solute interactions
nature of solvent
pH
presence of other dissolved solutes
pressure of gas

Question 11

explain how temperature affects solubility

Answer 11

increase in temp = increase in solubility
increase in kinetic energy allows solvent molecules to move effectively break apart and solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular forces
but in gas decreases with temperature