Structure and function of Cells- Class 2 Flashcards
All Cells will undergo ? ( 3 things )
metabolism, growth, evolution
as cell increases in size surface area/ volume
decreases
limit for a single cell organism
750 micrometer in diameter
prokaryote cells
bacteria and archaea, “sac of stuff”
eukaryote cells
“sacs with sacs”
what is the major phospholipid in bacteria
phosphatidyethanolamine
membrane of archaea are the only cell that are cabable of doing what with there membrane
make a single layer membrane
monolayer membrane
major differences between membrane of bacteria and archaea? **
linkages**
storage of DNA in bacteria
circular double stranded, haploid, packaged with proteins ( H-NS and histone like protein that creates the nucleic)
DNA in the cytoplasm
may contain plasmids
DNA in Eukaryotes
diploid, packaged with histones to form chromosones, DNA in the nucleus,
prokaryotes ribosomes are called
70S ribosomes
eukaryotes ribosomes are called
80S
What does S stand for
Svedberg unit
Svedberg unit
describes the rate of sedimentation of a particle in an ultracentrifuges
Euchromatin
losely packed and active
Heterochromatin
densely packed and bc of that low levels of transcription
mitochondria have 70S ribosomes
they can make there own proteins ( same as chloroplasts)
thylakoids
contain enzymes and pigments that harvest light energy
releasing electrons in water to oxygen
intermediate filaments have
keratin, desmin and vimentin
microtubles function
highway fo r transport of oraneslles and vesicles around the cytoplasm
what are the two proteins that walk on microtubules
kinesin and dynein
cilian and flagella
9 sets of microtubules duplets
9+2 construction
covered by the plasma membrane
