Structure And Bonding Flashcards
What orbits the nucleus?
Electrons.
What is in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Protons are positive (+1)
Neutrons are neutral (0)
Electrons are negative (-1)
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus.
Which shell represents the lowest energy level in an atom?
The one closest to the nucleus.
What are noble gases?
Elements which have a full outer shell and that are very stable and unreactive.
What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table?
Periods.
What are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?
Groups.
What is the difference between mixing two substances and reacting them?
Mixing substances may is not changing them e.g. sand and salt then separating them again.
Reacting two or more elements make a compound, the compound formed is different to the original elements and you could not get them back easily.
Why do atoms react?
Atoms react to give them a full outer shell to make them sable.
What do ionic bonds between charge particles result him?
Giant structure.
What happens during a ionic bond?
They are between a metal metal atoms.
Metal atoms lose electrons and become positive ions.
Non-metal atoms gained electrons and become negative ions.
The positive ions and negative ions then attract to form an ionic bond.
What happens between a simple covalent bond?
It is between non-metal atoms.
They share electrons to achieve a stable outer energy level.
What is a giant covalent structure?
Where giant structures have a huge number of atoms held together by a network of covalent bonds.
What is in example of a giant covalent structure?
Diamond.
