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Linguistics > Structuralist grammar And IC Analysis > Flashcards

Structuralist grammar And IC Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Name some structuralists.

A

Sassure, Leonard Bloom

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2
Q

Structuralists when?

A

Beginning of 20th century

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3
Q

Grammarians looked at __ as model

A

Latin

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4
Q

Why did grammarians take Latin as model?

A

Because it belonged to Indo European family of languages, same as English

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5
Q

Grammarians felt the need to resist changes of modern English so they made ___ rules

A

Prescriptivist

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6
Q

Grammarians ignored that every language is…

A

Autonomous

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7
Q

Only standard to apply to a language is…

A

It’s own usage

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8
Q

Grammarians gave more importance to (spoken/written)

A

Written

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9
Q

Grammarians gave inadequate definition of ____

A

Parts of speech

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10
Q

Structuralist linguists based models of grammar on __ and ___ data

A

Observable, verifiable

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11
Q

Do structural linguists describe or prescribe?

A

Describe

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12
Q

Structuralist rule: ___ is primary (spoken/written)

A

Spoken

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13
Q

What comes earlier (spoken/written)?

A

Spoken

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14
Q

Structuralist rule: ___ study should be primary( synchronic/diachronic)

A

Synchronic

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15
Q

Why should synchronic study be primary?

A

Historical considerations are not relevant to seeing language at a particular time

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16
Q

Primacy of synchronic study can be explained with

A

Chess analogy

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17
Q

Each language is a system of …..

A

Relations, no validity independently, only when in combination

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18
Q

Structuralists tried to describe language in terms of ___ and look for ____ in language

A

Structure, look for patterns

19
Q

Bloomfield associated language structure with…

A

Phoneme and Morpheme

20
Q

IC analysis full form?

A

Immediate Constituent Analysis

21
Q

We do IC analysis by dividing sentence until we get to…

A

Morpheme

22
Q

IC analysis example sentence?

A

The young girl with an umbrella chased the boy.

23
Q

How do we make the cuts in IC analysis?

A

By expansion

24
Q

What is expansion in IC analysis?

A

A sequence of morphemes that patterns like another sequence is said to be an expansion of it

25
Q

What is a noun phrase?(3 options)

A

Noun phrase may be a single noun or pronoun or a group of words that cluster around the noun

26
Q

A noun phrase has in it a ___ and certain ___

A

Noun, modifiers

27
Q

Modifiers optionally appearing before noun phrase are (7 pts)

A

Restrictor, pre determiner, determiner, ordinal, quantifier, classifier, adjective phrase

28
Q

Determiners are words that come before a noun to show how a noun is used, and are (3 pts)

A

Articles, demonstratives, possessives

29
Q

What is a prepositional phrase?

A

Noun phrase preceded by a preposition

30
Q

What is verbal group?

A

Generally follows the noun phrase

31
Q

Verbal group consists of __ and ___

A

Main verb, auxiliary

32
Q

Auxiliary in turn is made up of ___ and any one or more of ,,_(3 pts)

A

The tense, and modal, perfective, progressive

33
Q

What is modal?

A

Can, will, shall, may, must

34
Q

What is perfective?

A

Have-en

35
Q

What is progressive?

A

Be+ing

36
Q

__ and __ are compulsory for a Verbal group

A

Verb, tense

37
Q

What are adverbials?(4 pts)

A

Group of words that perform adverbs function. May consist of single word, phrase or clause. Generally specifies time, place, manner, reason. Modifies a verb, adjective or adverb.

38
Q

Limitations: it is not possible to analyse some structures as ..(with example)

A

They don’t form proper grammatical groups eg sequence -er

39
Q

Limitations: ambiguous sentences like Time flies (true/false)

A

True

40
Q

Limitations: sentences that are structurally similar but…

A

Semantically different

41
Q

Limitations: overlapping ICs eg He has no interest in or taste for music (true/false)

A

True

42
Q

Limitation: Unstated elements in sentence eg Hit the ball(‘you’ missing) <true/false>

A

True

43
Q

Limitation:IC fails to show relationships between sentence types such as…

A

Active and passive , statements and questions etc

Linguistics (11 decks)

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