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Linguistics > Morphology And Word Formation > Flashcards

Morphology And Word Formation Flashcards

1
Q

According to traditional linguistic theories, grammatical description consists of 2 parts:

A

Word and sentence

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2
Q

Word is made up of

A

Morphemes

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3
Q

What is a morpheme?

A

Word or part of a word with meaning

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4
Q

Can a morpheme be divided into smaller parts?

A

No

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5
Q

What recurs in differing grammatical environments with a stable meaning?

A

Morpheme

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6
Q

Systematic study of morphemes?

A

Morphology

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7
Q

Words that can be divided into segments are

A

Determinate

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8
Q

Indeterminate words cannot be…

A

Segmented

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9
Q

Problems of segmentation vary in..

A

Kind and degree

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10
Q

Morpheme without being segment can merely have a ___ role

A

Factorial

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11
Q

When a word is segmented, the segments are called

A

Morphs

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12
Q

Algebra form to show factorial role of morphemes

A

Ax:ay:az :: bx:by:bz( a and b have component of word & X y z are comparative degrees )

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13
Q

Morph is like ___ given by Sassure

A

Substance

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14
Q

Morpheme is like ___ given by Sassure

A

Form

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15
Q

What is a morph called when it occurs differently in different environments but belongs to the same morpheme?

A

Allomorph

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16
Q

The plural morpheme in English combines with a…

A

Noun morpheme

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17
Q

Examples under allomorphs?

A

Past morpheme(-ed) and present morpheme (-es)

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18
Q

What is a free morpheme and example?

A

Morpheme that can stand as independent word eg Happy in Unhappy

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19
Q

What’s a bound morpheme and example?

A

Morpheme that cannot stand as independent word and is always attached to free morpheme eg Un in Unhappy

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20
Q

Bound morphemes are also called ____ and are attached to a ___

A

Affixes, attached to base

21
Q

Example for morphological analysis of word…

A

Unknowingly

22
Q

The stem word that can’t be further split is also called…

A

Root

23
Q

Affixes can be divided into…

A

Prefixes and suffixes

24
Q

Prefixes appear at ___ of base

A

Beginning

25
Q

Prefixes and suffixes can be FURTHER classified as

A

Inflectional and derivational

26
Q

What is derivational?

A

When new words are formed from existing words

27
Q

What is inflectional?

A

When change is made in words form to express its relation to other words in sentence

28
Q

Derivation is ____ when new and original word both belongs to same class eg Boy and Boyhood

A

Class maintaining

29
Q

Derivation is ____ when both new &original word belongs to different class eg Sing and Singer

A

Class changing

30
Q

Inflectional is always __ and ___

A

Class maintaining and suffix

31
Q

Inflectional suffixes pile up.(True/false)

A

False

32
Q

___ goes with all stems of a given part of speech(nouns verbs etc)

A

Inflectional suffix

33
Q

From morpheme point of view, there are 3 types of words; which are?

A

Simple, complex, compound

34
Q

What are simple words?

A

Consists of a single free morpheme followed or not by inflectional suffix

35
Q

What are complex words?

A

Consists of a base and a derivational affix

36
Q

What are compound words?

A

They consist of two or more free stems which are independent words by themselves

37
Q

Name some prefixes.(7)

A

Negative, number, time&order,location, degree&size, attitude, class-changing

38
Q

Example of class maintaining suffix

A

Boy–> Boyhood( both nouns)

39
Q

Example of class changing suffix

A

India(noun)–> Indian(adjective)

40
Q

Some words can be used as different classes without any change to form of word. This is called ___

A

Conversion

41
Q

In some words of two syllables, change of accent from first to second syllable changes a noun/adjective —>____

A

Verb

42
Q

Some words where there’s a change of meaning of words if ____ is voiced

A

Final consonant

43
Q

What is reduplication with example?

A

Some words formed out of two nearly identical elements eg Criss cross

44
Q

What are clippings with example?

A

Some words are used in short form eg Photograph -> Photo

45
Q

What are acronyms with example?

A

Word formed by joining together initial letters of other words eg AIDS

46
Q

What are blends with example?

A

Two words are clipped and joined to form new word eg Brunch(Breakfast-Lunch)

47
Q

What are borrowings with example?

A

English borrowing words from other languages it contacted. Eg Guru(Hindi)

48
Q

What are inventions with example?

A

New words or names given to new inventions eg Sputnik

49
Q

What is echoism with example?

A

Some words are formed by sounds suggesting their meaning eg Buzz

Linguistics (11 decks)

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