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CIEN 101 > STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING > Flashcards

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Flashcards

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1
Q

E means

A

Modulus of Elasticity = Stress / Strain

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2
Q

Metals

A

▪ Cast Iron
▪ Steel
▪ Aluminum

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3
Q

WHAT DOES A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DO? 1

A

Design of Buildings and Infrastructures

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4
Q

Depends on the type of material and type of force (tension or compression)

A

STRENGTH

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5
Q

moving loads (e.g. occupants, vehicles)

A

Live Loads (transient):

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6
Q

FORCES IN STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

A

Tension, Compression, Bending, Torsion,

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7
Q

Stress

A

= Force/Area

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8
Q

DESIGN PROCESS IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

A
  1. Select material for construction
  2. Determine the appropriate structural system for a particular case
  3. Determine forces acting on a structure
  4. Calculate the size of members and connections to avoid failure (collapse) or excessive
    deformation
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9
Q

process of determining location, material, and size of structural elements to resist
forces acting in a structure

A

design

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10
Q

▪ Property related to deformation

A

STIFFNESS (RIGIDITY)

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11
Q

carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example

A

plates

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12
Q

▪ Testing and evaluation of solution

A

▪ Experimental testing (prototype) or field tests
▪ Peer evaluation

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13
Q

PROVIDING STABILITY FOR LATERAL LOADS

A

Racking Failure of Pinned Frame, Braced Frame, Infilled Frame, Rigid Joints

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14
Q

▪ Net force at a point in a structure = zero (summation of forces = zero)

A

▪ Statement of equilibrium

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15
Q

Strain

A

= DL / Lo

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16
Q

Axial Stiffness

A

= T/DL

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17
Q

Percentage: Gravel or Crushed Stones

A

41

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18
Q

▪ Stiffer structural elements deform less under the same applied load

A

STIFFNESS (RIGIDITY)

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19
Q

▪ Net force at a point is determined using a force polygon to account for magnitude
and direction

A

EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES (STATICS)

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20
Q

ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS

A

▪ Identify the problem
▪ Explore alternative solutions
▪ Analyze and design one or more viable solutions
▪ Testing and evaluation of solution
▪ Build solution using available resources (materials, equipment, labor)

21
Q

MATERIALS USED IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

A

▪ Stone and Masonry
▪ Metals
▪ Concrete
▪ Wood
▪ Fiber-Reinforced Plastics

22
Q

Explore alternative solutions

A

▪ Research past experience
▪ Brainstorm
▪ Preliminary design of most promising solutions

23
Q

Percentage: Sand

A

26

24
Q

▪ Statement of equilibrium

A

EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES (STATICS)

25
Q

self-weight of structure and attachments

A

Dead Loads (permanent)

26
Q

Moment of Force

A

= Force x Distance

27
Q

element in which one dimension is much
greater than the other two and the applied loads are usually normal to the main
axis of the element.

A

beams

28
Q

Percentage: Cement

A

11

29
Q

Percentage: Air

A

6

30
Q

BENDING STIFFNESS

A

= Force / Displacement

31
Q

TYPES OF STRESS – STRAIN BEHAVIOR

A

Linear, Non-linear, Elastic-plastic, Non-linear plastic

32
Q

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

A

Arch, Truss, Frame

33
Q

A Structural Engineer designs the [] and [] in buildings, bridges, stadiums, tunnels, and other civil engineering works (bones)

A

structural systems, structural elements

34
Q

WHAT DOES A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DO? 3

A

Shoring & Excavation

35
Q

WHAT DOES A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DO? 2

A

Retrofit of Old and Historic Buildings

36
Q

▪ Stiffness depends on [], [], and []

A

type of material (E), structural shape, structural configuration

STIFFNESS (RIGIDITY)

37
Q

▪ Two main types of stiffness

A

▪ Axial stiffness
▪ Bending stiffness

STIFFNESS (RIGIDITY)

38
Q

derive their strength from their
form and carry forces in compression in two directions

A

shells

39
Q

elements that carry only axial force (compression) or both axial
force and bending

A

columns

40
Q

WHAT DOES A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DO?4

A

Repair and Inspection of Damaged Buildings

41
Q

Global stability

A

Sliding, Overturning

42
Q

Forces are a type of quantity called vectors - Defined by magnitude and direction

A

EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES (STATICS)

43
Q

A [] simply supported beams, bending under an evenly distributed load

A

statistically determinate

44
Q

carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is
appropriate to build [] out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring
that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the []

A

arch

45
Q

FORCES ACTING IN STRUCTURES

A

▪ Forces induced by gravity
▪ Forces induced by wind
▪ Forces induced by earthquakes
▪ Forces induced by rain/snow
▪ Fluid pressures
▪ Others

46
Q

Ability to withstand given stress without failure

A

STRENGTH

47
Q

Percentage: Water

A

16

48
Q

structure comprising members and connection points or nodes.

A

trusses

49
Q

CONCRETE COMPONENTS

A

▪ Sand (Fine Aggregate)
▪ Gravel (Coarse Aggregate)
▪ Cement (Binder)
▪ Water
▪ Air

CIEN 101 (12 decks)

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