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AHII > Stroke Reading > Flashcards

Stroke Reading Flashcards

1
Q

Either thrombotic or embolic
Most common stroke
Occlusive
Occlusion of cerebral/carotid artery by thrombus/embolus
Thrombotic
Embolic

A

Ischemic

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2
Q

Associated with development atherolscerolsis
Evolution
Onset
LOC
Contributing factors
Prodromal symptom
Neurologic deficits
CSF
Seizures
Duration

A

Thrombotic

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3
Q

Intermittent or stepwise improvement between episodes of worsening symptoms
Completed stroke

A

Evolution - Thrombotic

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4
Q

Gradual (mins-hrs)

A

Onset - Thrombotic

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5
Q

Preserved (pt is awake)

A

LOC - Thrombotic

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6
Q

HTN
Atherosclerosis

A

Contributing factors - Thrombotic

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7
Q

TIA

A

Prodromal symptom - Thrombotic

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8
Q

May be deficits during first few weeks
Slight headache
Speech deficits
Visual probs
confusion

A

Neurologic deficits - Thrombotic

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9
Q

Norm; possible presence of protein

A

CSF - Thrombotic

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10
Q

No

A

Seizures - Thrombotic

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11
Q

Improvements over weeks to months
Permanent deficits possible

A

Duration - Thrombotic

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12
Q

Thrombus or group of thrombi break off from one area and travel to another area
Sudden development and rapid occurrence of neurologic deficits
Symptom resolve over few days
Evolution
Onset
LOC
Contributing factors
Prodromal symptom
Neurologic deficits
CSF
Seizures
Duration

A

Embolic

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13
Q

Abrupt development of completed stroke
Steady progression

A

Evolution - Embolic

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14
Q

Sudden

A

Onset - Embolic

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15
Q

Preserved (pt is awake)

A

LOC - Embolic

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16
Q

Cardiac disease

A

Contributing factors - Embolic

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17
Q

TIA

A

Prodromal symptom - Embolic

18
Q

Max deficit at onset
Paralysis
Expressive aphasia

A

Neurologic deficits - Embolic

19
Q

Normal

A

CSF - Embolic

20
Q

No

A

Seizures - Embolic

21
Q

Usually rapid improvements

A

Duration - Embolic

22
Q

Vessel integrity interrupted and bleeding occurs into brain or subarachnoid space
Subarachnoid hemorrhage more common
Evolution
Onset
LOC
Contributing factors
Prodromal symptom
Neurologic deficits
CSF
Seizures
Duration

A

Hemorrhagic

23
Q

Usually abrupt onset

A

Evolution - Hemorrhagic

24
Q

Sudden; may be gradual if caused by HTN

A

Onset - Hemorrhagic

25
Q

Deepening lethargy/stupor or coma

A

LOC - Hemorrhagic

26
Q

HTN
Vessel disorders
Genetic factors

A

Contributing factors - Hemorrhagic

27
Q

Headache

A

Prodromal symptom - Hemorrhagic

28
Q

Focal deficits
Severe, frequent

A

Neurologic deficits - Hemorrhagic

29
Q

Bloody

A

CSF - Hemorrhagic

30
Q

Usually

A

Seizures - Hemorrhagic

31
Q

Variable
Permanent neurologic deficits possible

A

Duration - Hemorrhagic

32
Q

Prevent stroke via:
Lifestyle changes, heart-healthy diet, regular activity, modify risk factors imp

A

Health promotion and maintenance

33
Q

Aspirin when appropriate
BP control
Cholesterol management
Smoking cessation

A

Prevent stroke via:

34
Q

Transport to stroke center - priority
Focused hx - determine recent bleeding even or taking anticoag
Observe LOC, impaired cognition, mobility, sensory perception
Question about presence sensory deficits or motor changes, visual probs, probs with balance or gait, communication probs, changes reading/writing abilities
Fam hx

35
Q

First responders perform initial neuro exam
Nurses - on arrival to ED - complete neuro assessment; commonly use NIHSS
Transitioned to other areas imp assess LOC - use GCS to monitor for changes
Can cause impaired airway - inadequate cough and dysphagia leading to aspiration/death
5 common symp stroke
Specific symp depend on extent and location ischemia and arteries
Stroke involving righ cerebral hemisphere - often experiences unaware deficits and disoriented to time and place; personality changes
Left cerebral hemisphere - affects speech, language, math skills, analytic thinking
Embolic strokes - heart murmur, dysrhythmias, and/or HTN - Need to maintain cerebral perfusion so cannot have BP above 150/100

A

Phys assessment/s&s

36
Q

Sudden confusion/trouble speaking/understanding others
Sudden numbness/weakness of face, arm, leg
Sudden trouble seeing in 1/both eyes
Sudden dizziness, trouble walking, or loss of balance or coordination
Sudden severe headache with no known cause

A

5 common symp stroke

37
Q

Expressive
Receptive
Mixed
Global

A

Types of aphasia

38
Q

Referred to as Broca/motor aphasia
Difficulty speaking and writing

A

Expressive - Types of aphasia

39
Q

Referred to as Wernicke/sensory aphasia
Difficulty understanding spoken words/written words
Speech often meaningless
Made-up words

A

Receptive - Types of aphasia

40
Q

Combo difficulty understanding words and speech
Difficulty with reading and writing

A

Mixed - Types of aphasia

41
Q

Profound speech and language probs
Often no speech or sounds that cannot be understand

A

Global - Types of aphasia

AHII (47 decks)

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