stroke and VTE Flashcards
stroke
symptoms of stroke (FAST)
F-face droop
A-can the patient raise the arm (weakness of one side of the body)
S-can the patient speak a full sentence
types of stroke
ischemic and haemorrhage (bleeding)
types of ischemic stroke
cardioembolic and non-cardioembolic
treatment options for ischemic stroke
thrombolytic and revasculation
drugs use for thrombolytic
alteplase and tenecteplase (large vessel occulsion)
alteplase should be given within 4.5 hours onset of symptoms Y/N
Y
before start with the thrombolytic therapy, what is the most essential thing to check
BP
aim for the BP
185 / 110
what types of patient would be suitable for endovascular thrombectomy
large vessel occlusion
present after 6 hours
when should aspirin be given
after 24 hours of the thrombolytic therapy
300-100
long-term management for cardioembolic stroke
anticoagulant
when choose warfarin
when NOT AF
when choose NOAC
when AF
should aspirin be stopped before starting the anticoagulant Y/N
Y
long-term management for non-cardioembolic stroke
antiplatelet (aspirin, P2Y12)
other drugs and advice for long-term management
BP / cholsterol / blood glucose / life-style (smoking cessation)
how to reverse the effect of warfarin
vit K / FFP / PCC (prothrombin)
prophylaxis for VTE—-normal patient
LMWH / UFH
prophylaxis for hip fracture surgery
LMWH / fondaparinux
total hip replacement or total knee replacement
fondaparinux / LMWH / NOAC
for pregnancy
LMWH
for kidney impaired patient, which anticoagumant is preferred
UFH
for the treatment of VTE , we can use apixaban and rivaroxaban without heparin
Y/N
Y
usually, how long would the treatment continue
3 mths
for hip fracture and hip replcement *prophylaxis would continue for how long
28-35 days
Trauma (VTE prophylaxis)
LMWH
