Stress: SIT (Modifying Behaviour)

Question 1

Who came up with SIT?

Answer 1

Miechenbaum

Question 2

What does SIT stand for?

Answer 2

Stress Inoculation Training

Question 3

What points can be made about SIT?

Answer 3

Innoculation
Importance of Perception
Process of SIT

Question 4

How does SIT innoculate people against stress?

Answer 4

Gives them minor stressors so they are better able to deal with big ones and develop coping mechanisms

Question 5

Why is the severity of the stressor given important?

Answer 5

It needs to be big enough to cause sympathetic arousal but small enough not to cause any psychological harm

Question 6

How is perception important?

Answer 6

Uses the transactional model so how people perceive their ability to cope
Constructive natative perspective: People become theirr own story tellers and are more in control of negative behaviours

Question 7

How is the transactional model of stress used?

Answer 7

SIT gives people the tools to perceive their stressor in a different way so are more effective in dealing with it.

Question 8

How is the constructive narative perspective used?

Answer 8

People are able to construct their own naratives and those around them so feel more in control and are more aware of negative behaviours hindering their progress

Question 9

What is the process of SIT?

Answer 9

Conceptualisation
Skills Acquisition
Application

Question 10

How long does SIT normally last for?

Answer 10

8-15 sessions with some follow ups

Question 11

What is conceptualisation?

Answer 11

A relationship is established between client and therapist
The client becomes more self aware and re thinks their problem by breaking it down into smaller, more managable componants

Question 12

What is skills acquisition?

Answer 12

The client is taught coping skills and any barriers preventing sucess are removed.
Stratergies can be generalised to help in every day life

Question 13

What is the application part of SIT?

Answer 13

The client applies the coping skills to real life situations that increase in severity. Their relapses are seen as learning opportunities

Question 14

What points can be made when evaluating the effectiveness of the study?

Answer 14

Studies
Which part is effective?
Comparison to other methods

Question 15

What were the supporting studies?

Answer 15

Saunders

Sheehy and Horan

Question 16

What was Saunder’s supporting study into effectiveness?

Answer 16

Reviewed 37 studies of effectiveness in the workplace and found it helped to enhance performance in stressful situations in both high and low anxiety groups regardless of the experiance of the trainer

Question 17

What was Sheehy and Horan’s supporting study into effectiveness?

Answer 17

Effect on anxiety in law students and found they had lower levels of anxiety over time
4 weekly sessions 90 minutes each

Question 18

What can we say about which part of SIT is effective?

Answer 18

All phases are inter-linked so it’s impossible to know
Moses and Hollandsworth tried to seperate out componants and found those with coping skills were more likely to follow through

Question 19

What did Moses and Hollandsworth investigate?

Answer 19

Which componant of SIT was effective

Question 20

What was Moses and Hollandworth’s study?

Answer 20

Randomly selected 24 people with a fear of dentists and gave each group one componant of SIT. Those with coping skills were more likely to go to appintments so application is important.

Question 21

How does SIT compare to other methods?

Answer 21

Foa compared SIT to prolonged exposure with victims of sexual assult and found both were effective in reducing PSD but PE was better at reducing general levels of anxiety so is better
Text may not have been fair

Question 22

Who compared SIT and PE?

Answer 22

Foa

Question 23

What other therapy is SIT compared to?

Answer 23

Prolonged Exposure

Question 24

What does PE stand for?

Answer 24

Prolonged Exposure

Question 25

Why might have comparisons between PE and SIT not have been fair?

Answer 25

Some parts of SIT were changed for Foa’s study

Question 26

What are the ethical implications of the therapy?

Answer 26

Risk of harm

Use in the military

Question 27

How might SIT have a risk of harm?

Answer 27

Rehersing situations the client finds stressful may have a negative effect. But as it has long-lasting benifits, the benifits may outweigh the costs

Question 28

How is SIT used in the military?

Answer 28

Soldiers get direct exposure to a variety of stressors. But if the stressors are too intense they prevent effective aquisition of skills and are counterproductive. (Keinan and Friedland)
Less prepared to deal with chronic stress

Question 29

What do Keinan and Fredland say about the use of SIT in the military?

Answer 29

Soldiers get direct exposure to a variety of stressors. But if the stressors are too intense they prevent effective aquisition of skills and are counterproductive.

Question 30

What are the social implications of the therapy?

Answer 30

Stress in society

Impact on the econemy

Question 31

How can SIT be used to treat the stress in society?

Answer 31

Effective intervention to combatting the increased range of stressors we have now
Effective across a range of stressors

Question 32

How does SIT benifit the econemy?

Answer 32

Means workers are more productive and spend less time off work sick
Blumenthal: Men with heart disease and SIT had less health problems over the next 5 years which saved the NHS money in the long term?

Question 33

What is Blumenthal’s study on the impact of SIT on the econemy?

Answer 33

Men with heart disease and SIT had less health problems over the next 5 years which saved the NHS money in the long term?