Stress and Health

Question 1

an unpleasant emotional state that results from the perception of danger

Answer 1

stress

Question 2

the source of stress

Answer 2

stressor

Question 3

3 - stage physiological response that appears regardless of the stressor that is encountered

Answer 3

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Question 4

• an alarm reaction is initiated when a stressor is first perceived and identified
• autonomic nervous system reacts and aroused
  
  • sympathetic nervous system
• all possible resources are deployed to survive the danger, and all nonessential systems are inhibited
• fight or flight stage
• mental clarity

Answer 4

gas stage one : alarm

Question 5

• occurs when stressors are prolonged
• during calm periods, our bodies seek to rest, store nutrients, and repair the body
• during periods of arousal, we expend energy
• mental judgement may not be as good

Answer 5

gas stage two : resistance

Question 6

• severe and prolonged stressor
• depletion of physical and psychological resources
• strength and energy drop to very low levels
• health and judgment can be compromised

Answer 6

gas stage three : exhaustion

Question 7

specific events that produce stress, with defined beginning, middle, and end

Answer 7

stressful events

Question 8

initiates the release of epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine into the bloodstream from adrenal glands

Answer 8

sympathetic adrenal-medullary (SAM)

Question 9

initiated release of cortisol into the bloodstream
H = hypothalamus
P = pituitary glands
A = adrenal gland

Answer 9

hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

Question 10

our environment plays a significant role in whether and when a particular gene is expressed

Answer 10

epigenetic

Question 11

short or long form of the serotonin transporter gene

Answer 11

major depressive disorder

Question 12

an alternative to fight or flight a response to stressors that may be more characteristic of females
- soothing and building social connections and support
- nurturing, social bonding
- closely associated with the release of oxytocin -> social bonding hormone

Answer 12

tend and befriend

Question 13

an index of your income, occupation, and education

Answer 13

socioeconomic status (SES)

Question 14

chronic stress increases vulnerability to heart attacks/coronary heart disease

Answer 14

cardiovascular health

Question 15

competitive, workaholic, sometimes hostile

Answer 15

type A personality

Question 16

mellow, laid back

Answer 16

type B personality

Question 17

addressing the problem by finding a solution

Answer 17

problem-focused coping

Question 18

maintaining and protecting social relationships

Answer 18

relationship-focused coping

Question 19

ability to adapt to life’s challenges in a positive way

Answer 19

resilience

Question 20

ability to endure difficult conditions

Answer 20

hardiness

Question 21

a branch of psychology that integrates the relationships between psychological variables and health

Answer 21

health psychology

Question 22

a model that sees health as the result of biological, psychological, and social factors

Answer 22

bio psychological model