Stress And Contrast Echo Flashcards
Define angiography vs angioplasty:
Angiography: Dye injected into the artery to display luminal contour of the artery
Angioplasty: Balloon and stent to treat a blocked artery
What is the stage of sensitivity for stress ECG?
Initial stage of detection of exercise induced ECG changes
What is the statistical sensitivity and specificity for stress ECG?
Se = 51-63% Sp = 62-74%
What is the stage of sensitivity for stress echo?
Able to identify segmental wall motion abnormalities due to exercise-induced ischemia
What is the statistical sensitivity and specificity for stress echo?
Se = 74-97% Sp = 64-100%
What is the stage of sensitivity for nuclear stress?
Detects perfusion changes during exercise using radioactive dye
What is the statistical sensitivity and specificity for nuclear stress?
Se = 61-94% Sp = 81%
What is the stress ECG test also known as?
ETT (Exercise tolerance test)
What is the principle of an ETT?
Physical stress induces ischemia of the myocardium
Target HR is what percent of the max HR with a stress ECG?
85-90%
How is max HR calculated with a stress ECG test?
Max HR = 220-age
How is target HR calculated with a stress ECG test?
Target HR = 220 - age X 0.85
As the duration of ischemia persists, a chain of events then follow. List them:
- Myocardial O2 supply/demand imbalance
- Perfusion abnormalities
- Diastolic Dysfunction
- Systolic Dysfunction
- Increase LV filling pressures
- ECG changes
- Angina
Where can echo detect ischemia in the chain of events leading to angina?
Middle of the chain
Describe stage 1 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 1.5 mph
Grade: 10%
Cumulative time: 3 mins
METs: 5
What does METs stand for?
Metabolic equivalent of task
Describe stage 2 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 2.7 mph
Grade: 12%
Cumulative time: 6 mins
METs: 7
Describe stage 3 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 3.4 mph
Grade: 14%
Cumulative time: 9 mins
METs: 10
Describe stage 4 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 4.2 mph
Grade: 16%
Cumulative time: 12 mins
METs: 13
Describe stage 5 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 5.0 mph
Grade: 18%
Cumulative time: 15 mins
METs: 15
Describe stage 6 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 5.5 mph
Grade: 20%
Cumulative time: 18 mins
METs: 18
Describe stage 7 of the Bruce Protocol:
Speed: 6.0 mph
Grade: 22%
Cumulative time: 21 mins
METs: 20
Assessment of workload is measured by what?
Metabolic equivalents (METs)