Streptococcus and Enterococcus

Question 1

Catalase (-), gram positive cocci, non-motile, and non-spore-forming, that are usually arranged in pairs or chains,
facultative anaerobes, some are capnophilic, glucose fermenters, and classified by their hemolysis

Answer 1

Streptococcus

Question 2

what medias are used in strep?

Answer 2

BAP, Todd-Hewit Broth, or CAP

Question 3

what classification is based on the hemolysis?

Answer 3

brown’s classification

Question 4

incomplete or partial hemolysis, green or brown color surrounding the colony

Answer 4

a-hemolysis

Question 5

what kind of hemolysis does s. pneumoniae and viridans streptococci produce?

Answer 5

a-hemolysis

Question 6

complete hemolysis of rbc and colorless zone around the colony?

Answer 6

b-hemolysis

Question 7

what kind of hemolysis does s.pyogenes and s. agalactiae produce?

Answer 7

b-hemolysis

Question 8

based on the temperature limits of growth, supplemented by other basic characteristics; and the temperature
requirements

Answer 8

sherman’s/academic/bergey’s classification

Question 9

classify the following using sherman’s classification:
With hemolysis
Not tolerant to
methylene blue, salt,
or alkali

Answer 9

pyogenes

Question 10

classify the following using sherman’s classification:
No hemolysis
Less tolerant to salt and
alkali
Weak reducing action

Answer 10

viridans

Question 11

With/without
hemolysis
Tolerance to salt and
alkali
Resistant to
methylene blue
Strong reducing
action

Answer 11

Enterococci

Question 12

appear smooth, glossy or round and
mucoid, typically pinpoint (0.5-1.0 um in diameter), translucent, opalescent, or clear in appearance & white to gray
in color with beta-hemolysis.

Answer 12

s. pyogenes

Question 13

– major virulence factor; prevents phagocytosis

Answer 13

m protein

Question 14

what virulence factor adhesion molecules; adheres to host epithelial cells

Answer 14

protein f

Question 15

present in capsule; mucoid strains; antiphagocytic; solubilizes connective
tissues; spreading facto

Answer 15

hyaluronic acid

Question 16

– responsible for the red rashes in Scarlet fever; streptococcal pyogenic exotoxins;
superantigen; ability to stimulate T-lymphocyte proliferation by interactions with MHCII molecules on APC &
specific variable β-chain of the T-cell receptor.

Answer 16

erythrogenic toxins

Question 17

repeated episodes of pharyngitis; believed to result from a cross-reacting antibody that attacks
cardiac or renal tissue while attempting to destroy streptococcal antigens

Answer 17

post sequelae

Question 18

aka galloping gangrene; characteristic of “flesh-eating bacteria

Answer 18

necrotizing fascitis

Question 19

what is the sample collection of s. pyogenes?

Answer 19

throat swab

Question 20

what is the susceptibility test for scarlet fever?

Answer 20

dick’s test

Question 21

• Isolated on Blood Agar Plate; colonies can be medium in size, flat, translucent, opaque, show narrow β-hemolysis,
  some are gamma hemolytic, yellow to brick-red pigment

Answer 21

Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 22

what is the identification for s. agalactiae?

Answer 22

CAMP

Question 23

what is the media for s. agalactiae?

Answer 23

BAP

Question 24

prevents phagocytosis but is ineffective after opsonization; sialic acid is the
composition of its capsule

Answer 24

capsular polysacchiride

Question 25

drug of choice for streptococcus agalactiae

Answer 25

Penicillin; Ampicillin + aminoglycosides

Question 26

associated with glomerulonephritis and rheumatic
fever, pharyngitis, skin and soft tissue infections,
bacteremia

Answer 26

s. equi subsp. zoopidemicus

Question 27

can be found in the upper respiratory tract, vagina,
and skin

Answer 27

s. dysagalactiae subsp. equisimillis

Question 28

Colonies are minute, grayish white, sooth, narrow to moderate zone of beta hemolysis with sweet odor of
honeysuckle or butterscotch

Answer 28

streptococcus anginosus

Question 29

it is isolated on BAP and produce large zone of a hemolysis surrounding the colonies

Answer 29

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 30

distinguishes S. pneumoniae from other α-hemolytic streptococci

Answer 30

bile solubility test

Question 31

Isolates are small, cream, or white, smooth, entire, may have hemolysis requiring CO2

Answer 31

Enterococcus

Question 32

Play a role in the colonization of the species and adhere to heart valves and renal epithelial cells

Answer 32

protease, gelatinase, and cytolysin

Question 33

Frequent cause of nosocomial infection. UTI, bacteremia in burn patients and contaminated xenografts

Answer 33

Enterococcus

Question 34

Grow as satellite colonies around other bacteria and require sulfhydryl compounds for growth

Answer 34

Abiotrophia and Granulicatella

Question 35

common airborne organism

Answer 35

aerococcus

Question 36

• Cases of endocarditis, wound and abscess infections

Answer 36

gemella

Question 37

• Facultative anaerobe that can grow at 45°C

Answer 37

pediococcus