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Microbiology CT 4 > Streptococcaceae > Flashcards

Streptococcaceae Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Genuses of Family Streptococcaceae (3):

A

Streptococcus (mostly pathogenic)
Enterococcus (facultative pathogens)
Lactococcus (milk streptococci)

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2
Q

Where can Streptococci be found?

A

Commensals of mucus membranes of upper respiratory tract and lower urogenital tract

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3
Q

What does commensals mean?

A

Microorganism that lives continuously on, or in certain parts of the body without causing disease

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4
Q

What does Streptococci cause?

A

Pyogenic infections such as mastitis, metritis, polyarhritis, meningitis and septicaemia

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5
Q

Which type of haemolysis does the more pathogenic Streptococci have?

A

beta-hemolysis

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6
Q

Streptococci can be differentiated based on:

A

Type of hemolysis
Lancefield groups (based on group specific C substance in the cell wall-polysaccharide)
Clinical signs
Biochemical reactions

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7
Q

Types of hemolysis of streptococci

A

alpha- (viridans), beta-, and non-haemolytic

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8
Q

Division of Streptococci according to clinical signs (2):

A

Oral - mostly viridans
Enteric - enterococcus

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9
Q

b-hemolytic species of Streptococcus (7):

A

Str. pyogenes
Str. agalactia
Str. equi subsp. zooepidemicus
Str. dysgalactie subsp. equisimilis
Str. equi
Str. canis
Str. porcinus

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10
Q

a-hemolytic species of Streptococcus (7)

A

Str. pneumoniae
Str. dysgalactiae
Str. uberis
Str. sanguis
Str. mutans
Str. salivarius
Enterococcus facialis

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11
Q

What causes chronic mastitis in ruminants?

A

Streptococci agalactia

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12
Q

What does Str. Equi cause?

A

mastitis, pneumonia and navel infections in horses

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13
Q

What does Str. dysgalactie cause?

A

Endometritis, mastitis and abscesses in horses

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14
Q

What causes acute mastitis in cattle?

A

Str. dysgalactie

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15
Q

What causes polyarthritis in lamb?

A

Str. dysgalactie

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16
Q

Virulence factors of Streptococci

A

Toxins: haemolysins a, b-streptolysin O, S and y. Phage-coded pyrogenic toxin.
Enzymes: streptokinase, hyaluronidase, DNase, NADase and protease.
Cell structures: capsule and cell wall M protein are antiphagocytic.

17
Q

Which Streptococci produce capsule?

A

Str. pyogenes and Str. pneumoniae

18
Q

Microscopical examination of Streptococci

A

Gram +
Non-motile
(Enterococci are motile)
Chains of different length
Str. Pneumoniae - diplococci

19
Q

Material for cultivation of Streptococci

A

exudate, pus, milk, skin swabs, urine, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid

20
Q

Cultivation properties for Streptococci

A

S form (Str. equi and Str. pneumoniae have M form)
Small colonies
Facultative anaerobes
37 degrees celsius (10-40C), Enterococcus 45C
24 hours

21
Q

Streptococci on meat-peptone-broth

A

Sediment
Weak turbidity

22
Q

Streptococci on blood agar

A

S form
Small colonies
Different types of haemolysis

23
Q

Special media for detection of Enterococci

A

Bile aesculin agar
Bile salts suppress the growth of other bacteria - change colour from yellow to brown-black

24
Q

Streptococci reaction to catalse and oxidase

A

Catalase -, oxidase -

25
Q

Which tests can be used for serological examination of Streptococci (3)?

A

Ring precipitation test
Latex-agglutination test
CAMP test (special examination)

26
Q

Describe ring precipitation test for Streptococcus

A

C-substance is extracted by acid or heat, and layered over antisera of different specificities.
Positive reaction = formation of white ring of precipitate close to interface of two fluids within 30 minutes.

27
Q

Describe latex-agglutination test for Streptococcus

A

A drop Ag is mixed with suspensions of latex particles coated with group-specific antibodies. Positive = agglutination

28
Q

What is CAMP test?

A
  • Phenonemon of enhanced haemolysis.

Str. agalactiae (group B) secret CAMP factor that completes the lysis of red blood cells, only partially haemolysed by St. aureus. They are streaked with right angles to each other without touching.

29
Q

How do we distinguish b-haemolytic Streptococci of group A (S pyogenes) from other b-haemolytic Streptococci?

A

Susceptibility test to bacitracin

30
Q

How to differentiate Streptococcus Pneumoniae from other a-haemolytic streptococci?

A

Susceptibility test to optochin

Microbiology CT 4 (6 decks)

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