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Microbiology CT 4 > Staphylococcus > Flashcards

Staphylococcus Flashcards

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1
Q

Name important species of genus Stapholococcus (3)

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus intermedius
Staphylococcus epidermidis

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2
Q

Where can Staphylococcus be found?

A

Skin of animals and man
Mucus membranes of upper respiratory and urogenital tract
Transient microflora in digestive tract

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3
Q

What kind of infections can opportunistic pathogens of Staphylococcus cause?

A

Pyogenic infections

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4
Q

What can predispose development of infection with staphylococcus?

A

Minor skin tissue trauma
Immunosuppression

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5
Q

Pathogenic species of Staphylococcus

A

St. aureus
St. intermedius
St. Hyicus

They are coagulase positive

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6
Q

Staphylococcus aureus causes

A

Abscesses
Pyogenic infections
Mastitis
Dermatitis

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7
Q

Staphylococcus intermedius causes (in dogs)

A

Pyoderma
Pustular dermatitis
Pyometra
Otitis externa

In dogs

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8
Q

Staphylococcus hyicus causes

A

Exudative dermatitis and septic artritis in pigs.
Mastitis in cattle

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9
Q

Apathogenic or facultative pathogenic species of Staphylococcus

A

St. epidermidis
St. saphrophyticus

They are coagulase negative

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10
Q

Staphylococcus that are coagulase positive (6)

A

St. aureus
St. intermedius (dogs, cats, cattle)
St. hyicus (pigs, cattle)
St. aureus subsp. anaerobius (sheep)
St. delphini
St. schleifen subsp. coagulans (dogs)

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11
Q

Virulence factors of Staphylococcus

A

Toxins: enterotoxin A-E, exfoliatin A and B, TSS toxin 1, epidermolytic toxins, pyogenic exotoxin, haemolysins a-y, leucocidin and protein A.

Enzymes: Staphylokinase, coagulase, hyaluronidase, lipase, collagenase, penicillinase, protease, nuclease, urease

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12
Q

Which virulence factor causes Staphylococcus-Scalded-Skin-Syndrome?

A

Exfoliatin B

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13
Q

Microscopical examination of Staphylococcus

A

Gram +
Non-motile
Small or medium size
Bundles of ‘‘grape’’ arrangement

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14
Q

Material for cultivation of Staphylococcus

A

Exudates, pus from abscess, milk, swab from skin, urine, tissues

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15
Q

Cultivation properties of Staphylococcus

A

S form
Facultative anaerobes
37 degrees Celsius (18-40C)
24 hours

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16
Q

Staphylococcus on meat-peptone-broth

A

Homogenous turbidity

17
Q

Staphylococcus on meat-peptone-agar

A

S form
St. aureus have golden yellow pigment

18
Q

Staphylococcus on blood agar

A

St. aureus and St. intermedius have a- and b-hemolysins = double haemolysis.
St. hyicus is without haemolysis

19
Q

Special agar for Staphylococcus

A

Baird-Parker agar
Mannitol salt agar

20
Q

Staphylococcus on Baird-Parker agar

A

Isolation and detection of Staphylococci.
Black (reduction of tellurite), shiny colonies surrounded by clear zones (egg yolk reaction).

21
Q

Staphylococcus on mannitol salt agar

A

St. aureus tolerates high concentrations of NaCl (more than 15% - halophilic)

22
Q

Which agar is used to differentiate pathogenic Staphylococci?

A

Maltose agar

23
Q

Staphylococcus species on maltose agar (3)

A

St. aureus - utilize maltose, yellow colonies (+), aerobic and anaerobic conditions

St. intermedius - poor maltose fermenter, pink colonies, aerobic conditions

St. hyicus - doesn’t ferment maltose, purple colonies (-)

24
Q

Staphylococcus reaction to catalase and oxidase:

A

Catalase +, oxidase -

25
Q

Describe coagulase test with Staphylococci

A

Staphylococci are mixed with rabbit plasma, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin by coagulase

26
Q

Which test is used for detection of DNase production?

A

DNase test (on DNase agar)

27
Q

Special examination for Staphylococci:

A

Commercial tests - Staphytest, Staphy-slide test
Serological - cell wall antigens
DNA methods
Enterotoxins - immunodiffusion, ELISA, PCR

28
Q

Antibiotic susceptibility test for Staphylococcus

A

Enzyme penicillinase (b-lactamase) is plasmid encoded and show frequent resistance to b-lactam ATP (PNC).
MRSA - Methicillin-Resistant-St.aureus = multiresistance to ATB

Microbiology CT 4 (6 decks)

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