Straw berry Flashcards
Scientific Name
Family
cultivated straw berry
Wild species
Fragaria species
Roseaceace
F.ananassa is a hybrid of twp native American species
F.chiloensisX F.Virginiana
F.versa is wild straw berry species found throughout the Northern hemisphere
Medicinal Uses of straw berry
They used straw berry for fainting,melancholy,inflammation,fever,throat infections,kidney stones,bad breath,gout and diseases of the blood,liver and spleen
Botany
plant characteristics
it is a herbaceous perennial plant
Original strawberries were short-day plants
Day neutral cultivars are available today
Short day and day neutral plant difference?
When a plant produces flowers will depend on whether it is a short day, long day, or day-neutral plant. Short day plants need less than 12 hours of daily sunlight to flower, The flowering of day-neutral plants does not depend on
the amount of daily sunlight.
Day-neutral varieties are true everbearing plants, flowering and fruiting all summer long, as long as the temperature ranges between 35 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. That means that you get smaller berries and smaller amounts of berries at one time, but you’ll have fresh berries over much of the summer
Crowns & Runners
The main stem is short and called the crown
Crowns produces runners to 1.5 m in length
another name for runner is stolon
Flowers
The Strawberry is the only fruit with
seeds on the outside and
botanically it is classified as …………………
Flowers are Hermaphrodite
Insect & Wind Pollinated
Self-fertile
2.True berry of 200 seeds
Soil Conditions
Good drainage. Disease prone otherwise.
Good water-holding capacity or good irrigation
Friable loam with good water-holding capacity is preferred
Climatic Requirements
Grown under a wide range of temperature.
Needs a cold period to break dormancy.
Crop has poor drought tolerance & irrigation is a must
Cold Tolerance
can withstand -15 to -20 while dormant
persistentfreezing and thawing
flowers and younf fruits are damaged at minus 1 to -3 3 degree celsuis
Cultivars
Propagation
Cambridge Favorite, Sengana, Bounty & Gilbert.
One-year old runners are used for propagation.
Separate adventitiously rooted runners from parent plants.
Soil Preparation
Planting to Harvesting Time
Mix 5kg FYM + 25grams of
MoP per m2
Must be free from perennial weeds and pests.
Mulch the crop
March-April, Higher altitudes
September-October, Plains.
Harvesting 3-6mths after planting
Make sure crowns are planted to the correct depth.
what is de blossoming?
why should we carry out ?
Short day plants
remove all the blossoms during the 1st planting year
ever bearers and and day neutral plants
remove only the first flush of flowers
because it limits crown and leaf growth and decreases the next years yield
Runner Management
Hill row system single or double rows. beds of 20cm high plant space 25-30cm apart. All runners are removed to maintain spacing
Matted-row System
Yield (more no of plants/area
Production (Overcrowding causes fruit rot
Smaller Fruit
Spaced-row System
All runners are not removed
The number and spacing of new plants is regulated.
Three-four runners develop from each plant.
Increases of the size of plants & also the yield.
cropping pattern
multi year
single year
multi year lower yield 2nd year onwards lower quality and year onwards and 3-4 years of production
single year cropping
higher yield and quality and higher cost
Water Management
Diseases in Strawberries
Adequate irrigation is necessary since strawberry roots do not penetrate deep.
Water stress affects size and quality of berries
Subject to red core (Phytophthora fragariae) when water logged
Characterised by a sudden decline and wilt of plants.
Causes reddish-brown colouring on the internal crown.
. botrytis undder humid conditions
