Strand 2: Spatial Aggregation and Classification

Question 1

What is the Postal Geography Structure? E.g LS2 9JT

Answer 1

LS = Area
LS2 = District
LS2 9 = Sector
LS2 9JT = Code/Unit

Question 2

What is Postal Geography an example of?

Answer 2

Nested Geography

Question 3

How do you aggregate points by areas?

Answer 3

SQL Select to do the point in polygon

Question 4

What is SQL?

Answer 4

Structured Query Language

Question 5

Where can SQL be found in MapInfo?

Answer 5

Query

Question 6

What is the purpose of SQL?

Answer 6

Multi-purpose querying tool

Question 7

What tasks is SQL used for performing?

Answer 7

1. Filtering data
2. Relational Joins
3. Sort data
4. Create derived columns
5. Subtotal data

Question 8

Define Classification?

Answer 8

The process of putting objects into homogenous groups based on their characteristics

Question 9

Why do we classify?

Answer 9

To help understand and simply reality

Question 10

What is Spatial Classification?

Answer 10

Classifying areas that have similar characteristics

Question 11

Define Geodemographics

Answer 11

The art and science of profiling people based on where they live

Question 12

What do Geodemographic systems estimate?

Answer 12

The most probable characteristics of people based on a profile of all people living in a small area

Question 13

Who developed the idea of Neighborhood Classification?

Answer 13

Charles Booth - Multivariate classification of the 1891 Census

Question 14

When and why did Commercial geodemographics emerge?

Answer 14

Late 70’s with the launch of PRIZM by Caritas and ACORN by CACI

Question 15

What are they uses of geodemographics?

Answer 15

• Target population mostly likely to exhibit particular behaviors
• Identify groups of people within target population

Question 16

Example of a Commercial Geodemographics system?

Answer 16

Experian’s Mosaic UK Consumer Classification

Question 17

What does Mosaic UK Consumer Classification provide?

Answer 17

An accurate understanding of the lifestyle, behavior and demographics of all individuals and households in the UK

Question 18

How are spatial classifications created?

Answer 18

Cluster Analysis

Question 19

Define Clustering

Answer 19

An operation of multidimensional analysis which consists of pertaining a set of objects into subsets, such that each object belongs to just one subset

Question 20

What is a popular method of clustering in SPSS Software?

Answer 20

K-Means Classification

Question 21

What are the key developments in Geodemographics?

Answer 21

1. Increased computation power leading to enhanced analysis
2. Rise of lifestyle datasets
3. Development of clustering techniques to group statistically similar neighborhoods into classes on like for like basis

Question 22

What has geodemographics been used to target?

Answer 22

Consumer services to ideal populations based on their demographic, lifestyle and location

Question 23

What is the Outward Code in a Postcode?

Answer 23

The first 3/4 characters e.g. LS6

Question 24

What is the Inward Code in a Postcode?

Answer 24

The final 2/3 characters e.g. 1BE