Strand 2: Spatial Aggregation and Classification Flashcards
What is the Postal Geography Structure? E.g LS2 9JT
LS = Area
LS2 = District
LS2 9 = Sector
LS2 9JT = Code/Unit
What is Postal Geography an example of?
Nested Geography
How do you aggregate points by areas?
SQL Select to do the point in polygon
What is SQL?
Structured Query Language
Where can SQL be found in MapInfo?
Query
What is the purpose of SQL?
Multi-purpose querying tool
What tasks is SQL used for performing?
- Filtering data
- Relational Joins
- Sort data
- Create derived columns
- Subtotal data
Define Classification?
The process of putting objects into homogenous groups based on their characteristics
Why do we classify?
To help understand and simply reality
What is Spatial Classification?
Classifying areas that have similar characteristics
Define Geodemographics
The art and science of profiling people based on where they live
What do Geodemographic systems estimate?
The most probable characteristics of people based on a profile of all people living in a small area
Who developed the idea of Neighborhood Classification?
Charles Booth - Multivariate classification of the 1891 Census
When and why did Commercial geodemographics emerge?
Late 70’s with the launch of PRIZM by Caritas and ACORN by CACI
What are they uses of geodemographics?
- Target population mostly likely to exhibit particular behaviors
- Identify groups of people within target population
Example of a Commercial Geodemographics system?
Experian’s Mosaic UK Consumer Classification
What does Mosaic UK Consumer Classification provide?
An accurate understanding of the lifestyle, behavior and demographics of all individuals and households in the UK
How are spatial classifications created?
Cluster Analysis
Define Clustering
An operation of multidimensional analysis which consists of pertaining a set of objects into subsets, such that each object belongs to just one subset
What is a popular method of clustering in SPSS Software?
K-Means Classification
What are the key developments in Geodemographics?
- Increased computation power leading to enhanced analysis
- Rise of lifestyle datasets
- Development of clustering techniques to group statistically similar neighborhoods into classes on like for like basis
What has geodemographics been used to target?
Consumer services to ideal populations based on their demographic, lifestyle and location
What is the Outward Code in a Postcode?
The first 3/4 characters e.g. LS6
What is the Inward Code in a Postcode?
The final 2/3 characters e.g. 1BE
