Stomach and Duodenum

Question 1

What are the parts of the stomach?

Answer 1

Fundus
Body
Pylorus

Question 2

What is the blood supply to the stomach?

Answer 2

Arterial
- left gastric artery from coeliac trunk
- right gastric artery from the hepatic artery
- left gastroepiploic artery from the splenic artery
- short gastric arteries from the splenic artery
- right gastroepiploic from the gastroduodenal from hepatic artery

Venous
- left gastric >portal vein
- right gastric > portal vein
- left gastroepiploic > splenic vein
- short gastric > splenic vein
- right gastroepiploic > SMV

Question 3

Which part of the duodenum lies intraperitoneal?

Answer 3

1st part of the duodenum lies within the peritoneum, the rest is retroperitoneal

Question 4

What is the blood supply of the duodenum?

Answer 4

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery - from gastroduodenal

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery - from SMA

Branches from the hepatic, right gastric, right gastroepiploic and supraduodenal arteries

Question 5

What are the relations of the first part of the duodenum?

Answer 5

Superior
- epiploic foramen being divided from it by the portal vein and bile duct
Inferior
- head and neck of the pancreas
Anterior
- Quadrate lobe of liver and gallbladder
Posterior
- portal vein, gastroduodenal artery and CBD

Question 6

What are the relations of the second part of the duodenum?

Answer 6

Anterior
- gallbladder and right lobe of liver, transverse colon, tranverse mesocolon and coils of small intestine

Posterior
- right kidney and right renal vessels, right edge of the IVC and right psoas major muscle

Medially
- head of pancreas

Laterally
- ascending colon, right colic flexure and right lobe of liver

Question 7

What are the relations of the third part of the duodenum?

Answer 7

Anterior
- root of the mesentery, superior mesenteric vessels, and coils of the jejunum

Posterior
- right psoas major, right ureter, IVC, abdominal aorta and right gonadal vessels

Superior
- head of pancreas with its uncinate process

Inferior
- coils of jejunum

Question 8

What are the relations of the fourth part of the duodenum?

Answer 8

Anterior
- transverse colon and transverse mesocolon

Posterior
- left psoas major muscle, left sympathetic chain, left gonadal vessels, and IMV

Superior
- body of pancreas

Left
- left kidney and left ureter

Right
- upper part of the root of the mesenteryWh

Question 9

Which vessels are present infront and behind the third part of the duodenum

Answer 9

Anterior
Superior mesenteric vessels

Posterior
IVc, aorta, right gonadal vesselsW

Question 10

What is the major duodenal papilla?

Answer 10

Well marked conical projection on the posteromedial wall and situated 8-10cm distal to the pylorus (2nd part of the duodenum). Its the opening of the junction of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct into the duodenum