Liver

Question 1

Describe the anatomy of the caudate and quadrate lobes of the liver>

Answer 1

Anatomically they are classified as part of the right lobe of the liver
Functionally they form part of the left lobe as they receive their blood supply from branches of the left hepatic artery and portal vein

Question 2

What are the first two organs injured when stabbed in the epigastrium

Answer 2

left lobe of the liver
stomach

Question 3

What demarcates the left and right lobes of the liver?

Answer 3

Anatomical
Falciform ligament - anteriorly
Fissure for ligamentum teres and ligamentum venosum (posteroinferiorly)

Surgical
A line passing from IVC to the fossa of the GB

Question 4

What is the venous drainage of the liver?

Answer 4

Hepatic veins via the IVC

Question 5

What artery of the coeliac trunk supplies both the liver and the stomach?

Answer 5

Hepatic artery - runs in the free border of the lesser omentum to porta hepatis

Question 6

What structures are found within the porta hepatis?

Answer 6

From anterior to posterior
- right and left hepatic ducts
- hepatic artery
- portal vein

Question 7

Which ligaments support the liver?

Answer 7

Falciform ligament - diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall
Lesser omentum to the stomach and 1st part of the duodenum
Right and left triangular ligaments to the diaphragm
Upper and lower coronary ligament to the diaphragm

Question 8

What are the surface markings of the gallbladder?

Answer 8

At the angle between the 9th costal cartilage and the lateral margin of the rectus sheath

Question 9

Why do patients develop shoulder tip pain in cholecystitis?

Answer 9

Inflamed gallbladder can irritate the diaphragm
Roots of the phrenic nerve which supplies the diaphragm are the same as the supraclavicular nerve supplying the shoulder tip