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Anatomy BLOCK 2 > Stomach (Abdomen #5) > Flashcards

Stomach (Abdomen #5) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the expanded part of the alimentary tract

A

the stomach

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2
Q

what is the stomach between

A

the esophagus and the small intestine

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3
Q

what is the shape of the stomach in most people

A

J

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4
Q

what can vary in people in regards to the stomach

A

the position and the shape

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5
Q

when the position and the shape of the stomach differs in the same person what is it due to

A

the diaphragmatic movements

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6
Q

what is the size of an empty stomch

A

slightly larger then the large intestine

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7
Q

how much food can the expanded stomach hold

A

2-3 L of food!!

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8
Q

what is the substance called that represent the food that is slightly liquidy that is found in the stomach

A

food-chyme

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9
Q

what is the size of a newborns stomach

A

a lemon

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10
Q

how much milk can a newborn stomach hold

A

30 ml

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11
Q

what does the stomach do to food

A

it mechanically prepares it for digestion and passage into the duodenum

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12
Q

what acts as a food reservoir and a food blender

A

the stomach

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13
Q

what is the chief function for enzymatic digestion

A

the stomach

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14
Q

what converts food into a semiliquid mixture

A

gastric juices

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15
Q

what passes fairly quickly into the duodenum

A

chyme

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16
Q

what serves as the 1st type of protection of the body for food coming in

A

the stomach

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17
Q

why is it that the stomach can protect from some bacteris

A

due to the high level of PH in the stomach

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18
Q

what thing needs a higher ph level in their stomach because they eat everywhere

A

wild animals

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19
Q

what are the four parts of the stomach

A
  • cardia
  • fundus
  • body
  • pyloric part
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20
Q

what is the part of the stomach that surrounds the cardiac orrifice

A

cardia

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21
Q

what is the superior dilated part of the stomach and is related to the left dome of the diaphragm

A

the fundus

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22
Q

what level does the superior part of the fundus reach?

A

level of 5th intercostal space

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23
Q

where is the cardial notch located

A

between the esophagus and the fundus

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24
Q

if the fundus is dilated by gas, fluid, or food where can you feel pain and why

A

you can feel it in the heart because the fundus is directly under the central tendon of the diaphragm which will the push up and apply pressure to the heart

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25
Q

what is known as the major part of the stomach and is between the fundus and the pyloric antrum

A

the body of the stomach

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26
Q

what is the funnel shaped outflow region of the stomach

A

the pyloric part

27
Q

the wide part of the pyloric part

A

pyloric antrum

28
Q

narrow part of the pyloric part

A

pyloric canal

29
Q

what is the distal sphincter portion of the pyloric part

A

pylorus

30
Q

what does pylorus do

A

controls the discharge of the stomach contents through the pyloric orifice into the duodenum

31
Q

when does the stomach empty

A

when intragastric pressure overcomes the resistance of the pylorus

32
Q

what can be used to further mix, digest, and absorb food

A

the small intestine

33
Q

lesser curvature of the stomach

A

the shorter concave border of the stomach

34
Q

angular incisure (notch)

A

this is the sharp indentation that indicates the junction of the body of the stomach and the pyloric part of the stomach

35
Q

what forms the longer convex border of the stomach

A

the greater curvature

36
Q

what protects the stomach from its own acid

A

the mucous layer

37
Q

can you see the mucous layer in a cadaver

A

no only directly after birth

38
Q

where can you see the gastric folds the best

A

toward the pyloric part and along the greater curvature

39
Q

when do the gastric folds diminish

A

when the stomach fills

40
Q

what is the mucous layer thrown into when stomach contracts

A

the gastric folds

41
Q

what are the three layers in the stomach

A
  • inercircular
  • outer longitudinal
  • oblique
42
Q

where are the gastric folds not as big

A

near the fundus

43
Q

where is the oblique layer deficent

A

near the lesser curvature

44
Q

during swallowing a gastric canal forms where

A

along the lesser curvature

45
Q

what forms (temporarily) because of the attachment of the gastric mucosa to the muscular layer which has no oblique layer

A

gastric canal

46
Q

if you have bacterial liquid in the stomach as opposed to bacterial solid in the stomach what has a higher chance of formning

A

an infection

47
Q

what is the stomach covered by

A

peritoneum

48
Q

where is the stomach not convered in peritoneum

A

where the blood vessels run along its curvatures

49
Q

the two layers of the lesser omentum extend around the stomach and leave its greater curvature as what

A

the greater omentum

50
Q

what is the stomach related to anteriorly?

A
  • diaphragm
  • left lobe of liver
  • anterior abdominal wall
51
Q

what is the stomach related to posteriorly

A

the omental bursa

52
Q

what forms most of the anterior wall of the omental bursa?

A

the posterior surface of the stomach

53
Q

in what position does the stomach rest on the bed of the stomach

A

in the supine position

54
Q

the bed of the stomach is formed by what

A

the structures that form the posterior wall of the omental bursa

55
Q

tell me how the bed of the stomach is formed from superior to inferior

A
  • left dome of diaphragm
  • spleen
  • left kidney and supradrenal gland
  • splenic artery
  • pancreas
  • transverse mesocolon and colon
56
Q

any fluid in the lesser sac will do what to the stomach

A

displace it forward

57
Q

pancreatic pseudo cyst can do what to the stomavch

A

shift it anteriorly (usually visible)

58
Q

what can happen in pancreatis

A

the posterior wall of the stomach can adhere to the part of the omental bursa that covers the pancreas

59
Q

hiatal hernia?

A

this is a protrusion of the part of the stomach into the mediatinum through esophageal hiatus

60
Q

hiatal hernia mostly occur in who

A

middle age people ( due to weakening of muscular part)

61
Q

which hernia is less common and involves only the fundus extending through the esophageal hiatus

A

paraesophageal hiatal hernia

62
Q

which hernia involves the part of the esophagus, the cardia, and the fundus, protruding through the esophageal hiatus

A

sliding hiatal hernia

63
Q

how many babies have congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

1 in 2200

64
Q

what is the mortality rate for babes with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

76%

Anatomy BLOCK 2 (8 decks)

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