Stomach (Abdomen #5) Flashcards
what is the expanded part of the alimentary tract
the stomach
what is the stomach between
the esophagus and the small intestine
what is the shape of the stomach in most people
J
what can vary in people in regards to the stomach
the position and the shape
when the position and the shape of the stomach differs in the same person what is it due to
the diaphragmatic movements
what is the size of an empty stomch
slightly larger then the large intestine
how much food can the expanded stomach hold
2-3 L of food!!
what is the substance called that represent the food that is slightly liquidy that is found in the stomach
food-chyme
what is the size of a newborns stomach
a lemon
how much milk can a newborn stomach hold
30 ml
what does the stomach do to food
it mechanically prepares it for digestion and passage into the duodenum
what acts as a food reservoir and a food blender
the stomach
what is the chief function for enzymatic digestion
the stomach
what converts food into a semiliquid mixture
gastric juices
what passes fairly quickly into the duodenum
chyme
what serves as the 1st type of protection of the body for food coming in
the stomach
why is it that the stomach can protect from some bacteris
due to the high level of PH in the stomach
what thing needs a higher ph level in their stomach because they eat everywhere
wild animals
what are the four parts of the stomach
- cardia
- fundus
- body
- pyloric part
what is the part of the stomach that surrounds the cardiac orrifice
cardia
what is the superior dilated part of the stomach and is related to the left dome of the diaphragm
the fundus
what level does the superior part of the fundus reach?
level of 5th intercostal space
where is the cardial notch located
between the esophagus and the fundus
if the fundus is dilated by gas, fluid, or food where can you feel pain and why
you can feel it in the heart because the fundus is directly under the central tendon of the diaphragm which will the push up and apply pressure to the heart
what is known as the major part of the stomach and is between the fundus and the pyloric antrum
the body of the stomach
what is the funnel shaped outflow region of the stomach
the pyloric part
the wide part of the pyloric part
pyloric antrum
narrow part of the pyloric part
pyloric canal
what is the distal sphincter portion of the pyloric part
pylorus
what does pylorus do
controls the discharge of the stomach contents through the pyloric orifice into the duodenum
when does the stomach empty
when intragastric pressure overcomes the resistance of the pylorus
what can be used to further mix, digest, and absorb food
the small intestine
lesser curvature of the stomach
the shorter concave border of the stomach
angular incisure (notch)
this is the sharp indentation that indicates the junction of the body of the stomach and the pyloric part of the stomach
what forms the longer convex border of the stomach
the greater curvature
what protects the stomach from its own acid
the mucous layer
can you see the mucous layer in a cadaver
no only directly after birth
where can you see the gastric folds the best
toward the pyloric part and along the greater curvature
when do the gastric folds diminish
when the stomach fills
what is the mucous layer thrown into when stomach contracts
the gastric folds
what are the three layers in the stomach
- inercircular
- outer longitudinal
- oblique
where are the gastric folds not as big
near the fundus
where is the oblique layer deficent
near the lesser curvature
during swallowing a gastric canal forms where
along the lesser curvature
what forms (temporarily) because of the attachment of the gastric mucosa to the muscular layer which has no oblique layer
gastric canal
if you have bacterial liquid in the stomach as opposed to bacterial solid in the stomach what has a higher chance of formning
an infection
what is the stomach covered by
peritoneum
where is the stomach not convered in peritoneum
where the blood vessels run along its curvatures
the two layers of the lesser omentum extend around the stomach and leave its greater curvature as what
the greater omentum
what is the stomach related to anteriorly?
- diaphragm
- left lobe of liver
- anterior abdominal wall
what is the stomach related to posteriorly
the omental bursa
what forms most of the anterior wall of the omental bursa?
the posterior surface of the stomach
in what position does the stomach rest on the bed of the stomach
in the supine position
the bed of the stomach is formed by what
the structures that form the posterior wall of the omental bursa
tell me how the bed of the stomach is formed from superior to inferior
- left dome of diaphragm
- spleen
- left kidney and supradrenal gland
- splenic artery
- pancreas
- transverse mesocolon and colon
any fluid in the lesser sac will do what to the stomach
displace it forward
pancreatic pseudo cyst can do what to the stomavch
shift it anteriorly (usually visible)
what can happen in pancreatis
the posterior wall of the stomach can adhere to the part of the omental bursa that covers the pancreas
hiatal hernia?
this is a protrusion of the part of the stomach into the mediatinum through esophageal hiatus
hiatal hernia mostly occur in who
middle age people ( due to weakening of muscular part)
which hernia is less common and involves only the fundus extending through the esophageal hiatus
paraesophageal hiatal hernia
which hernia involves the part of the esophagus, the cardia, and the fundus, protruding through the esophageal hiatus
sliding hiatal hernia
how many babies have congenital diaphragmatic hernia
1 in 2200
what is the mortality rate for babes with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
76%
