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Anatomy BLOCK 2 > Peritoneum, Omentum, Epiploic Spaces, Ligaments, Abnormal Viscera, and Esophagus > Flashcards

Peritoneum, Omentum, Epiploic Spaces, Ligaments, Abnormal Viscera, and Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

the parietal peritoneum is derived from

A

mesoderm

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2
Q

what happens after the rotation and development of the greater curvature of the stomach during development

A

the peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser peritoneal scas

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3
Q

what sac is the main and large part of the peritoneal cavity

A

the greater sac

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4
Q

if i make an incision through the anteriolateral abdomen what sac do i puncture

A

the greater sac

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5
Q

the omental bursa or lesser sac lies where

A

posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum

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6
Q

transverse mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into what

A

supracolic compartment

infracolic compartment

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7
Q

supracolic compartment contains what

A

stomach liver and spleen

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8
Q

infracolic compartment contains what

A

small intestine, ascending and descending colon

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9
Q

mesentery divides infracolic compartment that is located behind the greater omentum into what two parts

A

right and left infracolic spaces

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10
Q

communication between the supracolic and infracolic compartment hows

A

through the paracolic gutters

located on the lateral sides of the ascending and descending colons

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11
Q

what is the sac like cavity that is under the stomach and lesser omentum

A

the omental bursa

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12
Q

the two recess of the omental bursa are

A

superior and inferior recess

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13
Q

which omental recess is limited by the diaphragm superiorly and the posterior ayers of coronary ligament of the liver

A

superior recess

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14
Q

where is the inferior recess of the omental bursa located

A

between the superior parts of the greater omentum

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15
Q

what can be located by running a finger along the gallbladder to the free edge of the lesser omentum

A

the omentum foramen

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16
Q

how many fingers does the omentum foramen permit

A

2

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17
Q

what results in the passage of fluid into omental bursa

A

preforation of the posterior wall of the stomach

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18
Q

an inflammed or injured pancreas can result in what

A

passage of pancreatic fluid in bursa

pancreatic pseudo-cyst

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19
Q

what can sometimes happen in regards to objects passing through the omentuem foramen

A

loop of small intestines and they can be strangled by the edges of the omentum foramen

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20
Q

if a loop of small intestine slips through the omental foramen the boundaries cannot be incised why

A

because they contain blood vessels

21
Q

what must happen to the cystic artery during a cholecystectomy

A

it must be ligated or clamped and severed during this procedure in order to remove the gall bladder

22
Q

principle viscera of the abdomen are

A
  • terminal part of esophagus
  • stomach
  • spleen
  • intestines
  • liver
  • bladder
  • kidneys
  • adrenal glands
23
Q

what divides the liver into right and left lobes

A

falciform ligament

24
Q

where does digestion mostly occur

A

in the stomach and duodenum

25
Q

absorption for chemical compunds occurs where

A

the small intestine

26
Q

most reabsorption of water occurs where

A

ascending colon

27
Q

atrial supply to the alimentary tract is from?

A

the abdominal aorta

28
Q

what are the three major branches of the aorta that supply the gut?

A

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

what is the main channel of the portal venous system which collects blood from the abdominal part of the alimentary tract

A

portal vein

30
Q

what is the muscular tube that s 2cm and conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus

31
Q

what are the three esophageal constrictions

A
  1. cervical constriction
  2. thoracic constriction
  3. diaphragmatic constriction
32
Q

what constriction is at the beginning of the pharyngeoesophageal junction

A

cervical contricion

33
Q

what a compound constriction that is crossed by the arch of the aorta and also by the main brnochus

A

thoracic constriction

34
Q

what constriction happens at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

diaphragmatic constriction

35
Q

inferior third of esophagus is made up of what muscle? the middle third, superior?

A
  • smooth muscle
  • smooth and striated
  • striated
36
Q

at what level of vertebra does the esophagus pass through the esophageal hiatus

A

T10

37
Q

what attahces the esophagus to the margins of the esophageal iatus

A

phrenicoesophageal ligament

38
Q

where does abdominal esophagus pass after going through the esophageal hiatus

A

the cardial orifice of the stomach

39
Q

what is the posterior surface of the esophagus covered with

A

the peritoneum of the omental bursa

40
Q

the right border of the esophagus is continuous with the lesser curvature and the left border is what

A

separated by the fundus of the stomach by the cardial notch

41
Q

what is the lumen of the esophagus like when one is not eating

A

it is collapsed, so that food and gastric juices do not go into the esophagus

42
Q

arterial supply for the abdominal esphagus

A

the left gastric artery and the left inferior phrenic artery

43
Q

lymphatic drainage of the abdominal esophagus is to where

A

left gastric lymph nodes

44
Q

what is the esophagus innervated by

A

esophageal plexus

45
Q

when large volumes of blood cause the submucosal vein to englarge it is called

A

esophageal varices

46
Q

esophageal varcies usually form in who

A

alcoholics

47
Q

what is the most common form of esophageal discomfort

A

pyrosis (heartburn)

48
Q

pyrosis can be associated with

A

hiatal hernia

Anatomy BLOCK 2 (8 decks)

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