Peritoneum, Omentum, Epiploic Spaces, Ligaments, Abnormal Viscera, and Esophagus Flashcards
the parietal peritoneum is derived from
mesoderm
what happens after the rotation and development of the greater curvature of the stomach during development
the peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser peritoneal scas
what sac is the main and large part of the peritoneal cavity
the greater sac
if i make an incision through the anteriolateral abdomen what sac do i puncture
the greater sac
the omental bursa or lesser sac lies where
posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum
transverse mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into what
supracolic compartment
infracolic compartment
supracolic compartment contains what
stomach liver and spleen
infracolic compartment contains what
small intestine, ascending and descending colon
mesentery divides infracolic compartment that is located behind the greater omentum into what two parts
right and left infracolic spaces
communication between the supracolic and infracolic compartment hows
through the paracolic gutters
located on the lateral sides of the ascending and descending colons
what is the sac like cavity that is under the stomach and lesser omentum
the omental bursa
the two recess of the omental bursa are
superior and inferior recess
which omental recess is limited by the diaphragm superiorly and the posterior ayers of coronary ligament of the liver
superior recess
where is the inferior recess of the omental bursa located
between the superior parts of the greater omentum
what can be located by running a finger along the gallbladder to the free edge of the lesser omentum
the omentum foramen
how many fingers does the omentum foramen permit
2
what results in the passage of fluid into omental bursa
preforation of the posterior wall of the stomach
an inflammed or injured pancreas can result in what
passage of pancreatic fluid in bursa
pancreatic pseudo-cyst
what can sometimes happen in regards to objects passing through the omentuem foramen
loop of small intestines and they can be strangled by the edges of the omentum foramen
if a loop of small intestine slips through the omental foramen the boundaries cannot be incised why
because they contain blood vessels
what must happen to the cystic artery during a cholecystectomy
it must be ligated or clamped and severed during this procedure in order to remove the gall bladder
principle viscera of the abdomen are
- terminal part of esophagus
- stomach
- spleen
- intestines
- liver
- bladder
- kidneys
- adrenal glands
what divides the liver into right and left lobes
falciform ligament
where does digestion mostly occur
in the stomach and duodenum
absorption for chemical compunds occurs where
the small intestine
most reabsorption of water occurs where
ascending colon
atrial supply to the alimentary tract is from?
the abdominal aorta
what are the three major branches of the aorta that supply the gut?
celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery
what is the main channel of the portal venous system which collects blood from the abdominal part of the alimentary tract
portal vein
what is the muscular tube that s 2cm and conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
what are the three esophageal constrictions
- cervical constriction
- thoracic constriction
- diaphragmatic constriction
what constriction is at the beginning of the pharyngeoesophageal junction
cervical contricion
what a compound constriction that is crossed by the arch of the aorta and also by the main brnochus
thoracic constriction
what constriction happens at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
diaphragmatic constriction
inferior third of esophagus is made up of what muscle? the middle third, superior?
- smooth muscle
- smooth and striated
- striated
at what level of vertebra does the esophagus pass through the esophageal hiatus
T10
what attahces the esophagus to the margins of the esophageal iatus
phrenicoesophageal ligament
where does abdominal esophagus pass after going through the esophageal hiatus
the cardial orifice of the stomach
what is the posterior surface of the esophagus covered with
the peritoneum of the omental bursa
the right border of the esophagus is continuous with the lesser curvature and the left border is what
separated by the fundus of the stomach by the cardial notch
what is the lumen of the esophagus like when one is not eating
it is collapsed, so that food and gastric juices do not go into the esophagus
arterial supply for the abdominal esphagus
the left gastric artery and the left inferior phrenic artery
lymphatic drainage of the abdominal esophagus is to where
left gastric lymph nodes
what is the esophagus innervated by
esophageal plexus
when large volumes of blood cause the submucosal vein to englarge it is called
esophageal varices
esophageal varcies usually form in who
alcoholics
what is the most common form of esophageal discomfort
pyrosis (heartburn)
pyrosis can be associated with
hiatal hernia
