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Alimentary Canal > Stomach > Flashcards

Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

In what region is the stomach found?

A

Left hypochondriac and epigastric region

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2
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the stomach?

A

Fundus, body, and pylorus

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3
Q

Where does air sit in the stomach?

A

At the top in the funds

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4
Q

What is the function of the plyorus?

A
  • Connects stomach to duodenum

- Prevents food reentering stomach as the small intestine contracts.

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5
Q

How many layers of muscles does the stomach have?

A

3

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6
Q

What is the muscular layer unique to the stomach called and what does it allow?

A

Oblique.

-Allows churning mechanism for digestion.

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7
Q

What forms the bulk of the stomach?

A

The body

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8
Q

What does CILO mean in terms of muscular layers?

A

Circular inner, outer longitudinal

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9
Q

What stops flow into the small intestine?

A

Pyloric sphincter

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10
Q

What cell type secretes pepsinogen in the stomach?

A

Chief cells

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11
Q

What do endocrine cells secrete in the stomach?

A

Gastrin

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12
Q

What cell type secrets HCl in the stomach?

A

Parietal cells

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13
Q

What is gastrin? give 2 functions.

A

A hormon.

  • Increases contraction
  • Activates parietal cells
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14
Q

What secretion converts pepsinogen into pepsin?

A

HCl

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15
Q

What cell type secretes an intrinsic factor?

A

Parietal cell

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16
Q

What enables the absorption of vitamin B12?

A

Intrinsic factors

17
Q

Describe the 5 steps of protein breakdown (involving pepsin).

A
  1. Endocrine cells secrete gastrin
  2. Gastrin activates parietal cells
  3. Parietal cells secrete HCl
  4. HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin
  5. Pepsin breaks down proteins
18
Q

What are the main veins surrounding the stomach?

A

Right and left gastric vein

19
Q

What sit at the luminal surface of the gastric pits in the stomach?

A

Mucus secreting cells.

20
Q

What allows fast absorption?

A

The large blood supply to the stomach.

21
Q

Name stomach regions 1 - 3

A
  1. Right hypochondrium
  2. Epigastric
  3. Left hypochondrium
22
Q

Name stomach regions 4-6

A
  1. Right lumbar
  2. Umbilical
  3. Left lumbar
23
Q

Name stomach regions 7-9

A
  1. Right iliac fossa
  2. Suprapubic (hypogastrium)
  3. Left iliac fossa
24
Q

What structures sit infront of the stomach?

A

Lower ribs, diaphragm, and liver

25
Q

What structures sit behind of the stomach?

A

Diaphragm, spleen, kidney, adrenal gland, and pancreas

26
Q

What are the ridges on the internal surface of the stomach called?

What 2 things do they allow?

A

Rugae

They allow the stomach to:

  1. stretch to accommodate large meals
  2. grip to and move food during digestion

Alimentary Canal (10 decks)

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